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Shloka 42

अध्याय २२ — अमर्याद-युद्धवर्णन

Unrestrained Battle Description and Śakuni’s Rear Assault

ते समासाद्य समरे परस्परमरिंदमा: । व्यनदंश्वैव जघ्नुश्न समासाद्य महाहवे

te samāsādya samare parasparam arindamāḥ | vyanadaṁś caiva jaghnuś ca samāsādya mahāhave ||

Sañjaya thưa: Những chiến sĩ khuất phục kẻ thù ấy lao vào nhau trên chiến địa. Giáp mặt trong cuộc đại chiến, họ đánh trả lẫn nhau và cất tiếng hò reo chiến trận, khóa chặt trong thế công kích tương tàn.

तेthey (those)
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
समासाद्यhaving approached/encountered
समासाद्य:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-√सद्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
समरेin battle
समरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसमर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
परस्परम्mutually, each other
परस्परम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपरस्पर
अरिंदमाःenemy-subduers (heroes)
अरिंदमाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअरिंदम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
व्यनदन्they roared/sounded
व्यनदन्:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-√नद्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
जघ्नुःthey struck/killed
जघ्नुः:
TypeVerb
Root√हन्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
समासाद्यhaving met/closed in
समासाद्य:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-√सद्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
महाहवेin the great battle
महाहवे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमहाहव
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
W
warriors (unnamed combatants)
B
battlefield

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the relentless momentum of war: once opposing forces close in, mutual aggression and the culture of martial valor (battle-cries, direct engagement) take over. Ethically, it reflects the Mahābhārata’s recurring tension between kṣatriya-duty and the tragic cost of violence.

Sañjaya describes the combatants converging on the field, colliding in close quarters. They exchange blows and shout war-cries as the battle intensifies into direct, mutual fighting.