Mahabharata — Shalya Parva, Shloka 21
Śālva’s Elephant Assault and the Counterstroke (शाल्वस्य नागारूढाभ्यवहारः)
Devanagari script
अद्य ज्ञास्यति भीमस्य बल॑ घोर महात्मन: । हते दुर्योधने युद्धे शक्रेणेवासुरे बले
Translation
Sañjaya nói: “Hôm nay, Dhritarashtra sẽ biết sức mạnh ghê gớm của Bhīma, bậc đại hùng. Khi Duryodhana bị Bhīmasena giết trong chiến trận, cũng như Indra từng tiêu diệt đạo quân Asura vậy.”
Word by Word
अद्यtoday
अद्य:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअद्य
Formindeclinable (time adverb)
ज्ञास्यतिwill know/realize
ज्ञास्यति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा
Formfuture, parasmaipada, 3rd person, singular
भीमस्यof Bhima
भीमस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभीम
Formmasculine, genitive, singular
बलम्strength
बलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबल
Formneuter, accusative, singular
घोरम्terrible, dreadful
घोरम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootघोर
Formneuter, accusative, singular (agreeing with बलम्)
महात्मनःof the great-souled one
महात्मनः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमहात्मन्
Formmasculine, genitive, singular
हतेwhen (he is) slain
हते:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
Formpast passive participle, locative singular (neuter/masculine), used in locative absolute
दुर्योधनेin/when Duryodhana (is slain)
दुर्योधने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्योधन
Formmasculine, locative, singular (locative absolute with हते)
युद्धेin battle
युद्धे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
Formneuter, locative, singular
शक्रेणby Shakra (Indra)
शक्रेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशक्र
Formmasculine, instrumental, singular
इवlike, as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
Formindeclinable (comparative particle)
असुरेamong/against the Asura
असुरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअसुर
Formmasculine, locative, singular
बलेin the army/force
बले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootबल
Formneuter, locative, singular
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes