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Mahabharata — Shalya Parva, Shloka 30

Śalya-hatānantarāṇi: Madrarāja-padānugānāṃ praskandana and the Pandava counter-encirclement (शल्यहतानन्तराणि—मद्रराजपदानुगानां प्रस्कन्दनम्)

प्रगृह्दा खड॒गं च रथान्महात्मा प्रस्कन्द्य कुन्तीसुतमभ्यधावत्‌ । छित्त्वा रथेषां नकुलस्य सो5थ युधिष्ठिरें भीमबलो<5भ्यधावत्‌

pragṛhya khaḍgaṃ ca rathān mahātmā praskandya kuntīsutam abhyadhāvat | chittvā ratheṣāṃ nakulasya so 'tha yudhiṣṭhire bhīmabalo 'bhyadhāvat ||

Sañjaya nói: Cầm gươm trong tay, Śalya, bậc đại hồn, nhảy khỏi chiến xa và lao về phía người con của Kuntī. Rồi ông chém đứt bộ phận điều khiển chiến xa của Nakula, và chiến sĩ tay mạnh ấy xông thẳng vào Yudhiṣṭhira.

प्रगृह्यhaving seized/taken
प्रगृह्य:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootग्रह्
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (gerund)
खड्गम्sword
खड्गम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootखड्ग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
रथात्from the chariot
रथात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
महात्माthe great-souled one
महात्मा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहात्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रस्कन्द्यhaving leapt down/sprung
प्रस्कन्द्य:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootस्कन्द्
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (gerund)
कुन्तीसुतम्Kunti's son
कुन्तीसुतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकुन्तीसुत
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अभ्यधावत्ran towards/charged
अभ्यधावत्:
TypeVerb
Rootधाव्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
छित्त्वाhaving cut
छित्त्वा:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootछिद्
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (gerund)
रथेषाम्of the chariots
रथेषाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
नकुलस्यof Nakula
नकुलस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootनकुल
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अथthen
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
युधिष्ठिरम्Yudhishthira
युधिष्ठिरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
भीमबलःthe one of terrible strength
भीमबलः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीमबल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अभ्यधावत्ran towards/charged
अभ्यधावत्:
TypeVerb
Rootधाव्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
Ś
Śalya (Madrarāja)
K
Kuntīsuta (a son of Kuntī)
N
Nakula
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
C
chariot (ratha)
S
sword (khaḍga)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how quickly advantage shifts in war: once protection is breached, a warrior presses the opening. Ethically, it points to the tension within kṣatriya-dharma—decisive action in battle—while reminding that leadership (Yudhiṣṭhira) is tested by sudden, escalating threats.

Śalya, taking up his sword, jumps down from his chariot and charges a son of Kuntī. He then cuts down Nakula’s chariot-gear and immediately rushes to attack Yudhiṣṭhira, intensifying the assault on the Pāṇḍava side.