Shloka 4

Śalya–Yudhiṣṭhira Duel and the Discharge of the Śakti (शल्यवधप्रसङ्गः)

Devanagari script

ततो धनंजय: क्रुद्ध: कृपं सह पदानुगै: । अवाकिरच्छरौचेण कृतवर्माणमेव च,तदनन्तर दूसरी ओर क्रोधमें भरे हुए अर्जुनने सेवकोंसहित कृपाचार्य और कृतवर्माको अपने बाण-समूहोंसे ढक दिया

Transliteration

tato dhanañjayaḥ kruddhaḥ kṛpaṃ saha padānugaiḥ | avākirac charaughena kṛtavarmāṇam eva ca ||

Translation

Sañjaya nói: Bấy giờ Dhanañjaya (Arjuna), bừng bừng phẫn nộ, đã trút xuống Kr̥pa cùng các tùy tùng của ông, và cả Kr̥tavarmā nữa, một trận mưa tên dày đặc, phủ kín họ bằng dòng tên không dứt.

Word by Word

• ततः: then, thereafter
• ततः: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः
• Form: Avyaya (ablatival adverb)

• धनंजयः: Dhananjaya (Arjuna)
• धनंजयः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: धनंजय
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• क्रुद्धः: angry
• क्रुद्धः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्रुद्ध
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• कृपम्: Kripa
• कृपम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृप
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• सह: together with
• सह: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सह
• Form: Avyaya (preposition-like)

• पदानुगैः: with followers/attendants (lit. those who follow the steps)
• पदानुगैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पदानुग
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• अवाकिरत्: showered, covered over
• अवाकिरत्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: अव√कॄ (किरति)
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Singular

• शरौघेण: with a mass/stream of arrows
• शरौघेण: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: शरौघ
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• कृतवर्माणम्: Kritavarman
• कृतवर्माणम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृतवर्मन्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• एव: indeed, just
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव
• Form: Avyaya

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च
• Form: Avyaya

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhanañjaya (Arjuna)
• Kr̥pa (Kr̥pācārya)
• Kr̥tavarmā
• arrows (śara)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how anger (krodha) intensifies violence in war: even a righteous hero, when provoked, may respond with overwhelming force. It implicitly warns that inner passions can eclipse discernment, making self-mastery ethically significant even amid kṣatriya duty.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya narrates that Arjuna, enraged, unleashes a heavy barrage of arrows, covering Kr̥pa along with his attendants and also Kr̥tavarmā, pressing them hard in the ongoing battle.