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Mahabharata — Shalya Parva, Shloka 28

Śalya–Yudhiṣṭhira Duel and the Discharge of the Śakti (शल्यवधप्रसङ्गः)

प्रतिज्ञां तां तदा राजा कृत्वा मद्रेशमभ्ययात्‌ | ततः शड्खांश्व भेरीश्व शतशश्वैव पुष्कलान्‌

pratijñāṃ tāṃ tadā rājā kṛtvā madreśam abhyayāt | tataḥ śaṅkhāṃś ca bherīś ca śataśaś caiva puṣkalān |

Sañjaya nói: Sau khi lập lời thệ ấy, nhà vua tiến thẳng về phía chúa tể xứ Madra. Bấy giờ, vô số tù và và trống trận vang lên—hàng trăm hồi—loan báo quyết tâm và khích lệ các chiến binh bước vào những bổn phận nghiệt ngã của chiến tranh.

प्रतिज्ञाम्vow, promise
प्रतिज्ञाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रतिज्ञा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
ताम्that (her/it)
ताम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
तदाthen, at that time
तदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कृत्वाhaving made/done
कृत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
मद्रेशम्the lord of Madra (Shalya)
मद्रेशम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमद्रेश
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अभ्ययात्approached, went up to
अभ्ययात्:
TypeVerb
Rootया (इ/या)
FormImperfect (लङ्), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
ततःthereupon, then
ततः:
Apadana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
शङ्खान्conches
शङ्खान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशङ्ख
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
भेरीःkettledrums
भेरीः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभेरी
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
शतशःby hundreds, in hundreds
शतशः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootशतशः
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
पुष्कलान्abundant, many
पुष्कलान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपुष्कल
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
T
the king (rājā)
M
Madra
M
Madreśa (Śalya)
C
conches (śaṅkha)
K
kettle-drums (bherī)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical weight of a pratijñā (solemn vow): once a king publicly commits himself, he must act in accordance with that pledge, and the army’s ritual sounds (conch and drum) reinforce collective resolve and accountability in war.

Sañjaya reports that the king, after making a specific vow, moves toward the ruler of Madra (Śalya). As he advances, conches and war-drums are sounded in great numbers, signaling mobilization and the intensification of the battle scene.