Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 46

Adhyāya 14: Śalya’s Missile-Pressure and the Pāṇḍava Convergence (शल्यस्य शरवर्षम्)

तत्र युद्ध महच्चासीदर्जुनस्य परै: सह । मध्यंदिनगते सूर्ये यमराष्ट्रविवर्धनम्‌,वहाँ दोपहर होते-होते अर्जुनका शत्रुओंके साथ महाघोर युद्ध होने लगा, जो यमराजके राष्ट्रकी वृद्धि करनेवाला था

tatra yuddhaṁ mahac cāsīd arjunasya paraiḥ saha | madhyaṁdina-gate sūrye yama-rāṣṭra-vivardhanam ||

Sañjaya thưa: Tại đó, khi mặt trời lên đến chính ngọ, một trận chiến lớn và ghê rợn bùng nổ giữa Arjuna và các kẻ thù—một trận chiến làm phình to cõi của Yama, vì đã đưa biết bao chiến binh vào cái chết. Câu kệ nhấn mạnh gánh nặng đạo lý lạnh lùng của chiến tranh: ngay cả dũng lực anh hùng, khi tung ra trong cuộc chém giết đại quy mô, cũng trở thành công cụ làm tăng quyền vực của Thần Chết.

तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
युद्धम्battle
युद्धम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
महत्great
महत्:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आसीत्was
आसीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormImperfect, Third, Singular
अर्जुनस्यof Arjuna
अर्जुनस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootअर्जुन
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
परैःwith enemies
परैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
सहtogether with
सह:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह
मध्यंदिनगतेwhen midday had come
मध्यंदिनगते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootमध्यंदिनगत
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
सूर्येwhen the sun (was at midday)
सूर्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसूर्य
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
यमराष्ट्रविवर्धनम्increasing Yama's realm (i.e., causing death)
यमराष्ट्रविवर्धनम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootयमराष्ट्रविवर्धन
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sanjaya
A
Arjuna
Y
Yama
S
Sun (Surya)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the tragic ethical gravity of war: even a righteous warrior’s valor, when expressed in large-scale combat, results in widespread death—figuratively ‘increasing Yama’s realm.’ It invites reflection on the cost of violence and the inevitability of mortality amid dharmic conflict.

Sanjaya reports that by midday a massive, terrifying fight is underway between Arjuna and his enemies. The battle is so lethal that it is described as augmenting the kingdom of Yama, i.e., causing many deaths on the battlefield.