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Shloka 20

शल्यपर्वणि प्रथमाध्यायः — Karṇa-vadha-anantaraṃ Śalya-niyogaḥ, Saṃjayasya Dhṛtarāṣṭra-nivedanam

आर्तनादं ततश्षक्रे श्रुव्वा विनिहतं नूपम्‌ राजन! नृपश्रेष्ठ! हस्तिनापुरके सभी लोग संजयको सर्वथा महान्‌ क्लेशसे युक्त देखकर अत्यन्त उद्विग्न हो “हा राजन्‌!' ऐसा कहते हुए फ़ूट-फ़ूटकर रोने लगे। नरव्याप्र! वहाँ चारों ओर बच्चोंसे लेकर बूढ़ोंतक सब लोग राजाको मारा गया सुन आर्तनाद करने लगे || १८-१९ $ || धावतश्चाप्यपश्यामस्तत्र तान्‌ पुरुषर्षभान्‌

ārtanādaṃ tataḥ śakre śrutvā vinihataṃ nṛpam, rājan nṛpaśreṣṭha hastināpurake sabhī lokāḥ sañjayaṃ sarvathā mahān kleśa-yuktaṃ dṛṣṭvā atyantaṃ udvignāḥ “hā rājan!” iti vadantaḥ phūṭ-phūṭkar rorūyuḥ. naravyāghra! tatra caturdiśaṃ bālakebhyaḥ ārabhya vṛddhāntam sarve lokāḥ rājā hata iti śrutvā ārtanādaṃ cakruḥ. dhāvataś cāpy apaśyāmaḥ tatra tān puruṣarṣabhān.

Vaiśampāyana nói: “Nghe tiếng kêu than rằng nhà vua đã bị giết, hỡi bậc Indra giữa các quân vương, hỡi đấng trị vì tối thượng, toàn dân Hastināpura—thấy Sañjaya chìm ngập trong khổ đau lớn—đều bàng hoàng, vừa kêu ‘Than ôi, tâu Đại vương!’ vừa òa khóc thảm thiết. Hỡi hổ giữa loài người, khắp thành, từ trẻ nhỏ đến người già, hễ nghe tin vua đã chết đều cất tiếng ai oán. Và khi họ chạy tán loạn, chúng ta cũng thấy ở đó những dũng sĩ vạm vỡ như bò mộng.”

धावतःrunning
धावतः:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootधावत् (√धाव्)
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
अपश्यामwe saw
अपश्याम:
TypeVerb
Root√पश्
FormImperfect (लङ्), 1st, Plural, Parasmaipada
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
तान्those
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
पुरुषर्षभान्bulls among men, best of men
पुरुषर्षभान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुषर्षभ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
S
Sañjaya
H
Hastināpura
T
the king (rājā/nṛpa; unnamed here)
T
the people of Hastināpura
P
puruṣarṣabhāḥ (foremost heroes)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the social and ethical aftermath of war: the death of a ruler is not a private loss but a collective wound. It underscores how violence reverberates through an entire community—children, elders, and courtiers alike—revealing the heavy human cost that accompanies political ambition and battlefield success.

News spreads in Hastināpura that the king has been killed. Seeing Sañjaya crushed by sorrow, the citizens become terrified and grief-stricken, crying out and weeping loudly across the city. Amid the commotion, people run about, and the narrator notes seeing prominent heroes there as well.