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Shloka 17

अध्याय ९ — दुर्योधनस्य अन्त्यावस्था, विलापः, तथा सौप्तिक-प्रतिवृत्तम्

Duryodhana’s Final Condition, Lamentation, and the Night’s Report

उपासत द्विजा: पूर्वमर्थहेतोर्यमी श्वरम्‌ उपासते च तं हाद्य क्रव्यादा मांसहेतव:,पहले बहुत-से ब्राह्मण धनकी प्राप्तिके लिये जिन नरेशके पास बैठे रहते थे, उन्हींके समीप आज मांसके लिये मांसाहारी जन्तु बैठे हुए हैं

upāsata dvijāḥ pūrvam arthahator yamīśvaram | upāsate ca taṃ hādya kravyādā māṃsahetavaḥ ||

Kripa nói: “Xưa kia, nhiều vị Bà-la-môn ngồi hầu cận vị vua ấy để cầu của cải và ân huệ. Nhưng hôm nay, ngay tại chốn ấy, bầy thú ăn thịt ngồi gần ngài, chỉ vì miếng thịt.”

उपासतthey sat near / attended
उपासत:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-आस् (धातु)
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
द्विजाःBrahmins (twice-born)
द्विजाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पूर्वम्formerly
पूर्वम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपूर्व
अर्थ-हेतोःfor the sake of wealth
अर्थ-हेतोः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ-हेतु
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
यमीश्वरम्the lord of restraint (the king)
यमीश्वरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयमीश्वर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उपासतेthey sit near / attend
उपासते:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-आस् (धातु)
FormPresent (लट्), 3rd, Plural, Atmanepada
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तम्him / that one
तम्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
हाद्यtoday/now (as read; likely 'अद्य')
हाद्य:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहाद्य
क्रव्यादाःflesh-eaters
क्रव्यादाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्रव्याद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
मांस-हेतवःthose whose motive is meat / for the sake of meat
मांस-हेतवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमांस-हेतु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

कृप उवाच

K
Kṛpa (speaker)
D
dvijāḥ (brahmins)
Ī
īśvara/nṛpa (the king/ruler, implied)

Educational Q&A

The verse contrasts two kinds of ‘attendance’ on power—earlier, brahmins seeking wealth and royal favor; now, flesh-eaters seeking meat—highlighting how violence and the collapse of dharma degrade a royal court from a place of patronage and counsel into a site of death and predation.

In the Sauptika Parva’s aftermath of the night massacre, Kṛpa laments the changed condition around the fallen ruler: where learned men once gathered for support and gifts, scavengers and predators now gather, drawn by corpses—an image of the battlefield’s grim reversal of social order.