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Shloka 11

अक्षविजय-प्रसङ्गः

Escalation of Wagers and Shakuni’s Repeated Declarations of Victory

विदुर उवाच जानाम्यहं द्यूतमनर्थमूलं कृतश्च यत्नो5स्य मया निवारणे । राजा च मां प्राहिणोत्‌ त्वत्सकाशं श्र॒त्वा विद्वन्छेय इहाचरस्व,विदुरजीने कहा--विद्वन्‌! मैं जानता हूँ, जूआ अनर्थकी जड़ है; इसीलिये मैंने उसे रोकनेका प्रयत्न भी किया तथापि राजा धुृतराष्ट्रने मुझे तुम्हारे पास भेजा है, यह सुनकर तुम्हें जो कल्याणकर जान पड़े, वह करो

vidura uvāca | jānāmy ahaṃ dyūtam anarthamūlaṃ kṛtaś ca yatno ’sya mayā nivāraṇe | rājā ca māṃ prāhiṇot tvatsakāśaṃ śrutvā vidvañ cheya iha ācarasva ||

Vidura nói: “Hỡi bậc trí, ta biết cờ bạc là gốc rễ của tai ương, và ta đã cố sức ngăn cản. Nhưng nhà vua vẫn sai ta đến gặp ngươi. Nghe vậy rồi, hỡi người khôn, hãy làm điều mà ngươi xét là đem lại điều lành.”

विदुरःVidura
विदुरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविदुर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
जानामिI know
जानामि:
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा
FormPresent, 1, Singular, Parasmaipada
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअहम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
द्यूतम्gambling / dice-play
द्यूतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्यूत
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अनर्थ-मूलम्having misfortune as its root; root of calamity
अनर्थ-मूलम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअनर्थमूल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कृतःdone / made
कृतः:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPast Passive Participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
यत्नःeffort
यत्नः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयत्न
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अस्यof this (i.e., of gambling)
अस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
मयाby me
मया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
निवारणेin preventing / in restraint
निवारणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनिवारण
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
माम्me
माम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
प्राहिणोत्sent
प्राहिणोत्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-हि
FormImperfect, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
त्वत्-सकाशम्to your presence / near you
त्वत्-सकाशम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसकाश
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
श्रुत्वाhaving heard
श्रुत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
FormAbsolutive (क्त्वा), Active
विद्वन्O wise one
विद्वन्:
TypeNoun
Rootविद्वस्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
चेत्if
चेत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचेत्
इहhere / in this matter
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
आचरस्वdo / act
आचरस्व:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-चर्
FormImperative, 2, Singular, Atmanepada

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra

Educational Q&A

Gambling (dyūta) is identified as anarthamūla—the root of ruin—so a wise person should restrain it and choose śreyas (true welfare) over short-term excitement, even when political pressure pushes events toward harm.

Vidura reports that he understands the danger of the dice-game and has tried to stop it, but Dhṛtarāṣṭra has nevertheless sent him as a messenger to a wise person (the addressee) and asks that, after hearing the situation, the addressee act in whatever way seems most beneficial.