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Shloka 49

Adhyāya 52 (Sabhā-parva): Vidura Invites Yudhiṣṭhira to Hastināpura for the Dice Match

द्वौ करौ न प्रयच्छेतां कुन्तीपुत्राय भारत । सम्बन्धिकेन पञ्चाला: सख्येनान्धकवृष्णय:

dvau karau na prayacchetāṃ kuntīputrāya bhārata | sambandhikena pañcālāḥ sakhyenāndhakavṛṣṇayaḥ ||

Duryodhana nói: “Hỡi Bhārata, chỉ có hai phe không nộp cống cho con trai của Kuntī: người Pāñcāla vì quan hệ thân tộc, và người Andhaka cùng Vṛṣṇi vì tình bằng hữu.” Trong mạch truyện, hắn xem lòng trung thành chính trị và dây ràng buộc cá nhân như những chướng ngại đối với tham vọng bá quyền của Yudhiṣṭhira, ngụ ý rằng quan hệ có thể lấn át nghĩa vụ quy phục theo nghi thức.

द्वौtwo
द्वौ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootद्वि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
करौhands (i.e., persons/parties as 'hands')
करौ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
प्रयच्छेताम्would give / should give
प्रयच्छेताम्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + यम् (यच्छति)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Dual, Parasmaipada
कुन्तीपुत्रायto the son of Kunti (Yudhishthira)
कुन्तीपुत्राय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootकुन्तीपुत्र
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
भारतO Bharata
भारत:
TypeNoun
Rootभारत
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
सम्बन्धिकेनby/through relationship (kinship)
सम्बन्धिकेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्बन्धिक
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
पञ्चालाःthe Panchalas
पञ्चालाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपञ्चाल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सख्येनby friendship
सख्येन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसख्य
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
अन्धकवृष्णयःthe Andhakas and the Vrishnis
अन्धकवृष्णयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअन्धकवृष्णि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

दुर्योधन उवाच

D
Duryodhana
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
K
Kuntī
P
Pāñcālas
A
Andhakas
V
Vṛṣṇis
B
Bhārata (addressee, typically Dhṛtarāṣṭra or the Bharata lineage)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how political obligations like tribute are often constrained by human bonds—kinship and friendship can supersede formal submission. It also reveals Duryodhana’s tendency to interpret others’ loyalties as threats to Yudhiṣṭhira’s sovereignty, feeding rivalry and resentment.

Duryodhana is commenting on the extent of Yudhiṣṭhira’s authority and the limits of his imperial reach. He notes that certain groups refuse to pay tribute: the Pāñcālas due to family connection, and the Andhakas-Vṛṣṇis due to friendly alliance—implying that Yudhiṣṭhira’s dominance is not universal.