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Shloka 55

Adhyāya 45 — Duryodhana’s Distress, Śakuni’s Counsel, and the Summons for Dyūta

कथं त्वद्गमनार्थ मे वाणी वितरतेडनघ । न हाहं त्वामृते वीर रतिं प्राप्नोमि कर्हिचित्‌,“अनघ! आपको जानेके लिये मेरी वाणी कैसे कह सकती है? वीर! मैं आपके बिना कभी प्रसन्न नहीं रह सकूँगा

kathaṁ tvadgamanārtha me vāṇī vitarate 'naghā | na hy ahaṁ tvām ṛte vīra ratiṁ prāpnomi karhicit ||

Vaiśampāyana nói: “Hỡi bậc vô tì vết, sao lời ta có thể thốt ra chuyện Người ra đi? Hỡi dũng sĩ, không có Người, ta chẳng bao giờ đạt được niềm vui.”

कथम्how?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
त्वत्-गमन-अर्थम्for the purpose of your going
त्वत्-गमन-अर्थम्:
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
मेmy
मे:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
वाणीspeech, words
वाणी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवाणी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
वितरतेcan convey / can proceed (to say)
वितरते:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-तॄ
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
अनघO blameless one
अनघ:
TypeNoun
Rootअनघ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
indeed (emphatic particle)
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormNominative, Singular
त्वाम्you
त्वाम्:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormAccusative, Singular
ऋतेwithout, except
ऋते:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootऋते
वीरO hero
वीर:
TypeNoun
Rootवीर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
रतिम्delight, pleasure
रतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
प्राप्नोमिI attain
प्राप्नोमि:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-आप्
FormPresent, 1st, Singular, Parasmaipada
कर्हिever, at any time
कर्हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकर्हि
चित्even (enclitic, with indefinites)
चित्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचित्

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana (speaker)
A
anagha/anaghā (addressed person, unnamed in this verse)
V
vīra (addressed person, unnamed in this verse)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical weight of attachment and loyalty: the speaker’s inability to even voice the other’s departure shows how deeply companionship shapes one’s inner steadiness. It portrays a human truth in the epic—dharma is lived not only through rules but through relationships, where separation becomes a moral and emotional trial.

A speaker (introduced as Vaiśampāyana) conveys a lament addressed to a ‘blameless’ hero: he cannot bring himself to speak about the hero’s leaving and declares that without him he will never feel joy. The verse functions as a moment of emotional intensity around an impending departure.