Shloka 11

Samrāt-Lakṣaṇa and the Counsel to Check Jarāsandha (सम्राट्-लक्षणं जरासन्ध-प्रतिबाधा-परामर्शः)

Devanagari script

तमेव च महाराज शिष्यवत्‌ समुपस्थित:

Transliteration

tam eva ca mahārāja śiṣyavat samupasthitaḥ

Translation

Tâu đại vương, chính người ấy đã tiến đến và đứng trước mặt ngài như một môn đồ—khiêm cung, mang dáng vẻ của kẻ đến cầu chỉ giáo và thọ nhận lời dạy.

Word by Word

• तम्: him
• तम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• एव: indeed/only
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• महाराज: O great king
• Type: Noun (vocative address)
• Root: महाराज
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• शिष्यवत्: like a disciple
• Type: Adjective/Adverb (indeclinable-like usage)
• Root: शिष्यवत्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• समुपस्थितः: has approached/was present (having come near)
• समुपस्थितः: Karta
• Type: Verb (past participle)
• Root: सम्-उप-स्था (धातु: स्था)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

श्रीकृष्ण उवाच

Characters & Entities

• mahārāja (addressed king)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the ethical value of humility: approaching a superior or teacher with the attitude of a disciple signals readiness to learn, self-restraint, and respect—qualities central to dharma and right conduct.

What is happening in the narrative?

A person comes before another figure (contextually, someone of authority or knowledge) and presents himself respectfully, adopting the demeanor of a student seeking instruction; the king is addressed as the listener to this report.