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Shloka 12

कुण्जरै: स्यन्दना: क्षुण्णा: सादिनश्न महारथै: । पदातिसंघाश्षा श्वौचै: पलायद्िर्भयार्दितै:

sañjaya uvāca | kuñjaraiḥ syandanāḥ kṣuṇṇāḥ sādinaś ca mahārathaiḥ | padātisaṅghāś cāśvaiḥ palāyadbhir bhayārditaiḥ ||

Sanjaya nói: Trong cơn hoảng loạn tháo chạy, voi đã nghiền nát chiến xa thành từng mảnh; các đại chiến sĩ ngồi trên những cỗ xa lớn đã giẫm đạp kỵ binh; còn bầy ngựa kinh hãi, phóng chạy vì sợ, đã xé nát các đám bộ binh. Giữa hỗn loạn chiến trường, chính nỗi sợ trở thành vũ khí, khiến từng binh chủng quay lại hại lẫn nhau và nhân lên sự tàn phá vượt ngoài mọi chủ ý.

कुञ्जरैःby elephants
कुञ्जरैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकुञ्जर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
स्यन्दनाःchariots
स्यन्दनाः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस्यन्दन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
क्षुण्णाःcrushed, smashed
क्षुण्णाः:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootक्षुद्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
सादिनःhorsemen (riders)
सादिनः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसादिन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
महारथैःby great chariot-warriors
महारथैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमहारथ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
पदाति-सङ्घाःmasses of foot-soldiers
पदाति-सङ्घाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपदाति-सङ्घ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
अश्वैःby horses
अश्वैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
पलायन्तिthey flee
पलायन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootपलाय्
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
भय-आर्दितैःafflicted by fear
भय-आर्दितैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootभय-आर्दित
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sanjaya
E
elephants
C
chariots
M
mahārathas
H
horsemen
H
horses
I
infantry

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how fear and disorder in war magnify suffering: once panic spreads, even one’s own forces become instruments of harm. It implicitly warns that violence, when unleashed, easily escapes control and produces unintended, indiscriminate destruction.

Sanjaya describes a battlefield stampede: elephants smash chariots, elite chariot-warriors crush cavalry, and frightened horses, fleeing, trample infantry. The scene conveys a breakdown of formation and command amid intense fighting.