Shloka 8

Devanagari script

यदनार्य: पुरा कृष्णां क्लिश्यमानामनागसम्‌ | उपप्रेक्षसि राधेय कक्‍्व ते धर्मस्तदा गत:

Transliteration

yad anāryaḥ purā kṛṣṇāṁ kliśyamānām anāgasam | upaprekṣasi rādheya kva te dharmas tadā gataḥ ||

Translation

Sañjaya nói: “Hỡi kẻ bất xứng, hỡi con của Rādhā—thuở trước, khi Kṛṣṇā (Draupadī) vô tội bị hành hạ, ngươi đã đứng sát bên mà nhìn. Vậy khi ấy, dharma của ngươi đã đi đâu?”

Word by Word

• यत्: that which
• यत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• अनार्यः: ignoble (one)
• अनार्यः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अनार्य
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• पुरा: formerly, earlier
• पुरा: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुरा

• कृष्णाम्: Krishnaa (Draupadi)
• कृष्णाम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृष्णा
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• क्लिश्यमानाम्: being afflicted, suffering
• क्लिश्यमानाम्: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: क्लिश्
• Form: Present passive participle (शानच्), Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• अनागसम्: blameless, innocent
• अनागसम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अनागस्
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• उपप्रेक्षसि: you look on, you witness
• उपप्रेक्षसि: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप-प्रेक्ष्
• Form: Present (Lat), Second, Singular, Parasmaipada

• राधेय: O Radheya (Karna)
• राधेय: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: राधेय
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• क्व: where?
• क्व: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: क्व

• ते: of you, your
• ते: Sampradana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular

• धर्मः: dharma, righteousness
• धर्मः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्म
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तदा: then, at that time
• तदा: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा

• गतः: gone
• गतः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम्
• Form: Past active participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Karṇa (Rādheya)
• Draupadī (Kṛṣṇā)
• Kauravas (implied by context of her torment)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Dharma is tested not in speeches but in moments of injustice: silently witnessing the suffering of an innocent person is itself a moral failure, and later claims to righteousness are exposed as hollow.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the war narrative, Sañjaya recalls the earlier outrage against Draupadī and rebukes Karṇa for having watched her torment without upholding dharma, challenging his moral standing now.