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Shloka 3

यदा सभायां राजानमनक्षज्ञं युधिष्ठिरम्‌ । अजैषीच्छकुनिर्ज्ञानात्‌ क्व ते धर्मस्तदा गत:

yadā sabhāyāṁ rājānam anakṣajñaṁ yudhiṣṭhiram | ajaiṣīc chakunir jñānāt kva te dharmas tadā gataḥ ||

Sañjaya nói: “Khi ở triều hội, Śakuni—biết rõ mưu gian của mình—đã dùng lừa trá mà thắng vua Yudhiṣṭhira, người không hề am tường trò xúc xắc, thì lúc ấy dharma của ngươi đã đi đâu?”

यदाwhen
यदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा
सभायाम्in the assembly
सभायाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसभा
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
राजानम्the king
राजानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अक्षज्ञम्not knowing dice-play
अक्षज्ञम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअक्षज्ञ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
युधिष्ठिरम्Yudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अजैषीत्defeated / won against
अजैषीत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootजि
FormAorist (luṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
शकुनिःŚakuni
शकुनिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशकुनि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ज्ञानात्from knowledge; knowingly
ज्ञानात्:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootज्ञान
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
क्वwhere?
क्व:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootक्व
तेyour
ते:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
धर्मःdharma / righteousness
धर्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तदाthen
तदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
गतःgone
गतः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
Ś
Śakuni
S
sabhā (royal assembly/court)

Educational Q&A

The verse indicts selective morality: one cannot claim dharma in war or judgment while ignoring blatant adharma committed earlier—especially deliberate deceit against an unskilled opponent in a public royal setting.

Sañjaya challenges the Kaurava side (implicitly Dhṛtarāṣṭra and his party) by recalling the dice-hall episode: Śakuni knowingly cheated and defeated Yudhiṣṭhira, and Sañjaya asks where their sense of dharma was at that moment.