Shloka 18

Devanagari script

एवमुक्तस्तु देवेन क्रोधमागात्तदार्जुन: । मन्युमभ्याविशद्‌ घोरें स्मृत्वा तत्तु धनंजय:

Transliteration

evam uktas tu devena krodham āgāt tadā'rjunaḥ | manyum abhyāviśad ghoraṁ smṛtvā tat tu dhanañjayaḥ ||

Translation

Sañjaya nói: Được bậc thần linh ấy nói như vậy, ngay lúc ấy Arjuna bị cơn giận chiếm lấy. Nhớ lại những việc kia, Dhanañjaya bị một cơn phẫn nộ dữ dội trùm phủ—ý chí càng thêm rắn chắc trong mệnh lệnh đạo lý của chiến địa.

Word by Word

• एवम्: thus
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एवम्

• उक्तः: having been spoken to / addressed
• उक्तः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: क्त, Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तु: but/indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• देवेन: by the god (divine one)
• देवेन: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• क्रोधम्: anger
• क्रोधम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्रोध
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• आगात्: went/entered (came to)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम्
• Form: लुङ् (Aorist), Parasmaipada, 3, Singular

• तदा: then
• तदा: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा

• अर्जुनः: Arjuna
• अर्जुनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्जुन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• मन्युम्: wrath
• मन्युम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: मन्यु
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• अभ्याविशत्: entered/was seized by
• Type: Verb
• Root: विश्
• Form: अभि-आ-, लुङ् (Aorist/Imperfect usage in epic), Parasmaipada, 3, Singular

• घोरम्: terrible
• Type: Adjective
• Root: घोर
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• स्मृत्वा: having remembered
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्मृ
• Form: क्त्वा (Gerund), Active

• तत्: that (deed/thing)
• तत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• तु: indeed/and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु

• धनंजयः: Dhanañjaya (Arjuna)
• धनंजयः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: धनंजय
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• संजय (Sañjaya)
• अर्जुन (Arjuna / Dhanañjaya)
• देव (the divine one; contextually likely Śrī Kṛṣṇa)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how remembrance of past wrongs can ignite intense anger, especially in a dharmic war context. Ethically, it points to the tension between righteous resolve and the danger of being driven by personal rage rather than disciplined duty.

What is happening in the narrative?

After being addressed by the divine figure (deva), Arjuna becomes intensely angry. Recalling earlier actions connected with the conflict, he is seized by fierce wrath, signaling a renewed determination to confront his opponent in the ongoing battle.