Shloka 12

Devanagari script

दुर्योधनमुपासन्ते परिवार्य समन्तत: । कृपप्रभृतयश्चैते हतशेषा: सहोदरा:

Transliteration

duryodhanam upāsante parivārya samantataḥ | kṛpaprabhṛtayaś caite hataśeṣāḥ sahodarāḥ ||

Translation

Sanjaya nói: “Vây quanh Duryodhana tứ phía, những chiến binh còn sót lại—đứng đầu là Kripa—đều đứng sát bên để hộ vệ và hầu cận. Họ là những huynh đệ chiến hữu sống sót sau cuộc tàn sát, tụ lại quanh thủ lĩnh khi chiến cuộc thu hẹp đến phần tàn khốc cuối cùng.”

Word by Word

• दुर्योधनम्: Duryodhana (as object)
• दुर्योधनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुर्योधन
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• उपासन्ते: they attend/serve
• उपासन्ते: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप-आस्
• Form: Present, Third, Plural, Atmanepada

• परिवार्य: having surrounded
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: परि-√वृ (वृणोति/वर्तते) → परिवार्य
• Form: Absolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada/Atmanepada-neutral

• समन्ततः: on all sides
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: समन्ततस्
• Form: Adverb

• कृप: Kripa
• कृप: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृप
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• प्रभृतयः: and others beginning with (him)
• प्रभृतयः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रभृति
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च
• Form: Conjunction

• एते: these
• एते: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• हतशेषाः: those remaining after being slain (the survivors)
• हतशेषाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: हत-शेष
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• सहोदराः: brothers (born of the same mother)
• सहोदराः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सहोदर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Duryodhana
• Kṛpa