Shloka 43

Devanagari script

ये तदास्मान्‌ प्रनृत्यन्ति पुनर्गारिति गौरिति

Transliteration

ye tadāsmān pranṛtyanti punar gāriti gauriti

Translation

Sañjaya nói: “Những kẻ khi ấy nhảy múa quanh chúng ta hết lần này đến lần khác, miệng hô ‘gā!’ và ‘gau!’…”

Word by Word

• ये: who (those who)
• ये: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• तदा: then
• तदा: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा

• अस्मान्: us
• अस्मान्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• प्रनृत्यन्ति: dance (before/around), perform dancing
• प्रनृत्यन्ति: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-नृत्
• Form: Present, Indicative, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada

• पुनः: again
• पुनः: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुनः

• गारिति: "Gāri!" (a call/name)
• Type: Noun (vocative used as exclamation/name)
• Root: गारि
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• गौरिति: "Gauri!" (a call/name)
• Type: Noun (vocative used as exclamation/name)
• Root: गौरि
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The line highlights how, amid war, opponents may use ridicule and noisy taunts to unsettle others—an example of psychological aggression that contrasts with ideals of restraint and dignified conduct.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports a scene in which certain people repeatedly dance about and shout crude cries (“gā!”, “gau!”), suggesting jeering celebration or mockery directed at the opposing side during the conflict.