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Shloka 40

तस्मिन्‌ हते भ्रातरि चित्रसेने क्रुद्ध: कर्ण: पौरुष॑ दर्शयान: । व्यद्रावयत्‌ पाण्डवानामनीकं प्रत्युध्यातो नकुलेनामितौजा:,अपने भाई चित्रसेनके मारे जानेपर कर्ण क्रोधमें भर गया और अपना पराक्रम दिखाता हुआ पाण्डव-सेनाको खदेड़ने लगा। उस समय अमितबलशाली नकुलने आगे आकर उसका सामना किया

tasmin hate bhrātari citrasene kruddhaḥ karṇaḥ pauruṣaṃ darśayānaḥ | vyadrāvayat pāṇḍavānām anīkaṃ pratyudyāto nakulenāmitaujāḥ ||

Khi người anh Citraseṇa bị giết, Karṇa bừng bừng phẫn nộ, phô bày dũng lực nam nhi, xua đẩy đội hình chiến trận của quân Pāṇḍava lùi lại. Ngay lúc ấy, Nakula—bậc dũng tướng sức mạnh vô song—tiến lên đối mặt và ngăn chặn chàng.

तस्मिन्in that (situation/time)
तस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
हतेwhen (he) was slain
हते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootहन् (हत)
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
भ्रातरिin/with regard to (his) brother
भ्रातरि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभ्रातृ
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
चित्रसेनेChitrasena
चित्रसेने:
Adhikarana
TypeProperNoun
Rootचित्रसेन
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
क्रुद्धःangered
क्रुद्धः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootक्रुध् (क्रुद्ध)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कर्णःKarna
कर्णः:
Karta
TypeProperNoun
Rootकर्ण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पौरुषम्manliness/valor
पौरुषम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपौरुष
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
दर्शयन्showing
दर्शयन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormPresent participle (Parasmaipada), Present, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
व्यद्रावयत्drove away/put to flight
व्यद्रावयत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootद्रु (द्रावयति) with वि-
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
पाण्डवानाम्of the Pandavas
पाण्डवानाम्:
Shashthi-Sambandha
TypeProperNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
अनीकम्army/battle-array
अनीकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअनीक
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
प्रत्युध्यातःhaving advanced/come forward to oppose
प्रत्युध्यातः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootउद्-या (उद्यत) with प्रति-
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नकुलेनby Nakula
नकुलेन:
Karana
TypeProperNoun
Rootनकुल
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
अमितौजाःone of immeasurable strength
अमितौजाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअमित-ओजस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
Karṇa
C
Citraseṇa
N
Nakula
P
Pāṇḍavas

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how grief and anger over a loved one’s death can intensify martial aggression; it also reflects kṣatriya-dharma in which valor is asserted through immediate retaliation and counter-challenge on the battlefield.

After Citraseṇa is slain, Karṇa surges forward in fury and drives back the Pandava formation; Nakula, described as of immeasurable strength, steps out to confront and resist Karṇa.