Shloka 27

Devanagari script

तदेव॑ समरे पार्थ वर्तमाने महाभये । भीमसेनं समासाद्य त्वां च पाण्डव कौरवा:

Transliteration

tad eva samare pārtha vartamāne mahābhaye | bhīmasenaṃ samāsādya tvāṃ ca pāṇḍava kauravāḥ ||

Translation

Sañjaya nói: “Ngay lúc ấy, hỡi Pārtha, khi chiến trận đang cuộn lên giữa nỗi kinh hoàng lớn lao, quân Kaurava đã áp sát Bhīmasena—và cả ngươi nữa, hỡi con của Pāṇḍu.”

Word by Word

• तत्: that (same thing/event)
• तत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: neuter, nominative/accusative, singular

• एव: indeed/just
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• समरे: in battle
• समरे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: समर
• Form: masculine, locative, singular

• पार्थ: O Partha (Arjuna)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पार्थ
• Form: masculine, vocative, singular

• वर्तमाने: while occurring/going on
• वर्तमाने: Adhikarana
• Type: Verb
• Root: वृत्
• Form: present participle (ātmanepada), neuter, locative, singular

• महाभये: in great terror
• महाभये: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: महाभय
• Form: neuter, locative, singular

• भीमसेनम्: Bhimasena
• भीमसेनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: भीमसेन
• Form: masculine, accusative, singular

• समासाद्य: having approached/encountered
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-आ-√सद्
• Form: absolutive (gerund/क्त्वा), parasmaipada/ātmanepada-neutral

• त्वाम्: you
• त्वाम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: —, accusative, singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• पाण्डव: O Pandava
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाण्डव
• Form: masculine, vocative, singular

• कौरवाः: the Kauravas
• कौरवाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: कौरव
• Form: masculine, nominative, plural

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Arjuna (Pārtha, Pāṇḍava)
• Bhīmasena (Bhīma)
• Kauravas
• Samara (battlefield context)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse underscores the ethical pressure of war: in moments of extreme danger, collective aggression and targeted assault test a warrior’s steadiness (dhairya) and commitment to duty. It highlights how fear and chaos intensify conflict, demanding disciplined response rather than panic.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that during a terrifying phase of the battle, the Kaurava forces advanced to engage and assail Bhīma and also Arjuna, indicating a concentrated attempt to overwhelm key Pāṇḍava champions.