Shloka 114

Devanagari script

तांस्तथाभिमुखान्‌ वीरान्‌ मित्रार्थे त्यक्तजीवितान्‌ । क्षयं नयति राधेय: पञज्चालाछ्छतशो रणे

Transliteration

tāṁs tathābhimukhān vīrān mitrārthe tyaktajīvitān | kṣayaṁ nayati rādheyaḥ pañcālāñ chatśo raṇe ||

Translation

Sañjaya nói: Đối mặt trực diện, những dũng sĩ Pāñcāla ấy—vì bạn hữu mà đã gạt bỏ cả luyến tiếc sinh mạng—đang bị Rādheya (Karṇa) dồn đến diệt vong nơi chiến địa, bị ông quật ngã hàng trăm người một lúc.

Word by Word

• तान्: those
• तान्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• तथा: thus, in that manner
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा

• अभिमुखान्: facing (the enemy), front-facing
• अभिमुखान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अभिमुख
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• वीरान्: heroes, warriors
• वीरान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वीर
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• मित्रार्थे: for a friend's sake
• मित्रार्थे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: मित्रार्थ
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• त्यक्तजीवितान्: having abandoned (care for) life; life-renouncing
• त्यक्तजीवितान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्यक्तजीवित
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• क्षयम्: destruction, ruin
• क्षयम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षय
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• नयति: leads (to), brings (to)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नी
• Form: Present, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• राधेयः: Radheya (Karna)
• राधेयः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: राधेय
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• पाञ्चालान्: the Panchalas
• पाञ्चालान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाञ्चाल
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• शतशः: by hundreds, in hundreds
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: शतशस्

• रणे: in battle
• रणे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: रण
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sanjaya
• Rādheya (Karna)
• Pañcāla warriors
• battlefield (raṇa)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse underscores the ethical complexity of dharma in war: noble loyalty and willingness to die for a friend can coexist with, and even be overwhelmed by, the harsh inevitability of battlefield destruction carried out by a warrior fulfilling his martial role.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sanjaya reports that Karna (Rādheya) is slaughtering the Pañcāla fighters in great numbers. These Pañcālas are described as confronting him head-on, having renounced fear of death out of devotion to their ally/friend.