Shloka 33

Devanagari script

तमुत्थाप्य ततो राजा परिष्वज्य च पीडितम्‌ | मूर्थ््युपाच्राय चैवैनमिदं पुनरुवाच ह

Transliteration

tam utthāpya tato rājā pariṣvajya ca pīḍitam | mūrdhny upāghrāya caivainam idaṃ punar uvāca ha ||

Translation

Sañjaya nói: Rồi nhà vua đỡ chàng đứng dậy; ôm lấy người đang đau khổ và hít mùi trên đỉnh đầu chàng như một cử chỉ âu yếm của bậc phụ thân, rồi lại nói với chàng những lời sau đây.

Word by Word

• तम्: him
• तम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• उत्थाप्य: having raised (him)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उत्-स्था
• Form: ल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)

• ततः: then/from there
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः

• राजा: the king
• राजा: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• परिष्वज्य: having embraced
• Type: Verb
• Root: परि-स्वज्
• Form: ल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• पीडितम्: afflicted/distressed
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पीडित
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)

• मूर्ध्नि: on the head
• मूर्ध्नि: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: मूर्धन्
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• उपाघ्राय: having smelled (sniffed)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप-आ-घ्रा
• Form: ल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• एव: indeed/just
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• एनम्: this him
• एनम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• इदम्: this (speech/words)
• इदम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम्
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• पुनः: again
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुनः

• उवाच: said
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• ह: indeed (narrative particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ह

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• संजय (Sañjaya)
• राजा (the king—contextually Dhṛtarāṣṭra)
• अर्जुन (Arjuna—per Gita Press Hindi gloss)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights a human and ethical tension: even in a war driven by ambition and adharma, natural compassion and familial attachment persist. Such tenderness can be virtuous as care, yet it can also signal partiality and emotional entanglement that cloud righteous judgment.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya narrates that the king lifts up the distressed person, embraces him, and smells his head—an intimate, paternal gesture—before speaking again. It sets the emotional tone for the king’s next words and shows the gravity of the distress being discussed.