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Shloka 18

कवचं च ध्वजं चैव धनु: शक्ति्हया: शरा: । शरै: कृत्ता महेष्वास यतमानस्य संयुगे

kavacaṃ ca dhvajaṃ caiva dhanuḥ śaktiṃ hayāḥ śarāḥ | śaraiḥ kṛttā maheṣvāsa yatamānasya saṃyuge ||

Sañjaya nói: “Hỡi đại cung thủ! Khi ta đang gắng sức hết mình giữa chiến địa, Karṇa—ngay trước mắt toàn quân—đã dùng tên mà chém nát áo giáp và cờ hiệu của ta, cung, lao, ngựa, và cả những mũi tên của ta, cắt chúng thành từng mảnh.”

कवचम्armor
कवचम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकवच
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
ध्वजम्banner/standard
ध्वजम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootध्वज
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
धनुःbow
धनुः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधनुस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
शक्तिःspear/lance
शक्तिः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशक्ति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
हयाःhorses
हयाः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootहय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
शराःarrows
शराः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
शरैःwith arrows
शरैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
कृत्ताःcut/broken into pieces
कृत्ताः:
TypeAdjective
Rootकृत (√कृत्/√कृद् = छेदने)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
महेष्वासO great archer
महेष्वास:
TypeNoun
Rootमहा-इष्वास
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
यतमानस्यof (me) striving/endeavoring
यतमानस्य:
TypeAdjective
Rootयतमान (√यत् आत्मनेपदी)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
संयुगेin battle
संयुगे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसंयुग
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
Karṇa
K
kavaca (armour)
D
dhvaja (banner)
D
dhanuḥ (bow)
Ś
śakti (spear)
H
hayāḥ (horses)
Ś
śarāḥ (arrows)
S
saṃyuga (battlefield)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the tension between human effort (yatna) and overpowering force on the battlefield: even a determined warrior can be undone when confronted by superior skill. Ethically, it underscores the Mahābhārata’s recurring reflection on kṣatriya-dharma—courage and persistence amid destructive consequences.

Sañjaya reports a battlefield moment in which Karṇa’s arrows visibly dismantle an opponent’s key martial supports—armour, standard, weapons, horses, and ammunition—signaling Karṇa’s dominance and the rapid reversal of a combatant’s capacity to fight.