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Shloka 34

कर्णनिधनवृत्तान्तनिवेदनम् | Reporting Karṇa’s Fall to Yudhiṣṭhira

सर्वस्वस्यापहारे तु वक्तव्यमनृतं भवेत्‌ । तत्रानृतं भवेत्‌ सत्यं सत्यं चाप्यनृतं भवेत्‌

sarvasvasyāpahāre tu vaktavyam anṛtaṃ bhavet | tatrānṛtaṃ bhavet satyaṃ satyaṃ cāpy anṛtaṃ bhavet ||

Śrī Kṛṣṇa nói: “Khi toàn bộ kế sinh nhai và tài sản bị tước đoạt, việc nói điều không thật có thể trở thành bổn phận. Trong cơn nguy biến ấy, điều ‘không thật’ có thể vận hành như chân thật, và điều ‘chân thật’ lại có thể, xét theo hệ quả, hóa thành ‘không thật’—vì trọng lượng đạo lý nằm ở việc bảo hộ sinh mạng và lợi ích chính đáng, chứ không chỉ ở sự đúng-sai theo mặt chữ.”

सर्वस्वस्यof one's entire property/wealth
सर्वस्वस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसर्वस्व
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
अपहारेin the taking away/robbery
अपहारे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअपहार
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
वक्तव्यम्should be spoken
वक्तव्यम्:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormGerundive (तव्यत्), Neuter, Nominative, Singular, Passive sense (ought to be spoken)
अनृतम्untruth/falsehood
अनृतम्:
TypeNoun
Rootअनृत
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
भवेत्may be/should be
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
तत्रthere/in that case
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
अनृतम्untruth/falsehood
अनृतम्:
TypeNoun
Rootअनृत
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
भवेत्may be/should be
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
सत्यम्truth
सत्यम्:
TypeNoun
Rootसत्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
सत्यम्truth
सत्यम्:
TypeNoun
Rootसत्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
अनृतम्untruth/falsehood
अनृतम्:
TypeNoun
Rootअनृत
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
भवेत्may be/should be
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

श्रीकृष्ण उवाच

Ś
Śrī Kṛṣṇa

Educational Q&A

Truthfulness is a major dharma, but it is not mechanically absolute: when total dispossession or grave harm is at stake, speech must be judged by its dharmic consequence. In extreme situations, a literal untruth may serve the higher truth of protecting life, justice, and rightful welfare; conversely, a literal truth that enables harm can become ethically ‘untrue’.

In Karṇa Parva, amid the moral pressures of war and strategy, Śrī Kṛṣṇa articulates a principle of contextual ethics: he explains how dharma can require flexible application of satya (truth-speaking) when circumstances involve severe threat such as the loss of one’s entire means or safety.