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Shloka 23

कर्णनिधनवृत्तान्तनिवेदनम् | Reporting Karṇa’s Fall to Yudhiṣṭhira

प्राणिनामवधस्तात सर्वज्यायान्‌ मतो मम । अनृतां वा वदेद्‌ वाचं न तु हिंस्थात्‌ कथंचन

prāṇinām avadhas tāta sarvajyāyān mato mama | anṛtāṃ vā vaded vācaṃ na tu hiṃsyāt kathaṃcana ||

Śrī Kṛṣṇa nói: “Này con, theo phán đoán của ta, con đường cao thượng nhất là không sát hại sinh linh. Dẫu phải nói lời không thật để cứu một mạng sống thì cứ nói—nhưng tuyệt đối chớ dùng bạo lực đối với người ấy bằng bất cứ cách nào.”

प्राणिनाम्of living beings
प्राणिनाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootप्राणिन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
अवधःnon-killing
अवधः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअवध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तातdear one / son
तात:
TypeNoun
Rootतात
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
सर्वज्यायान्the best of all / superior to all
सर्वज्यायान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्वज्यायस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मतःconsidered
मतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootमत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ममof me / my
मम:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
अनृताम्untrue (false)
अनृताम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअनृत
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
वाor / even
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
वदेत्should speak
वदेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootवद्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
वाचम्speech / words
वाचम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवाच्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
तुbut
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
हिंस्यात्should harm / should kill
हिंस्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootहिंस्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
कथंचनin any way / at all
कथंचन:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथंचन
तातdear one / son
तात:
TypeNoun
Rootतात
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

श्रीकृष्ण उवाच

Ś
Śrī Kṛṣṇa

Educational Q&A

The verse prioritizes protection of life (ahiṃsā/avadha) as the highest ethical duty, even above strict truth-telling; if a false statement is necessary to save a life, it is permitted, but harming a living being is not.

In the Karṇa Parva’s war context, Śrī Kṛṣṇa instructs his listener with a moral principle suited to crisis: when duties conflict, preserving life is to be treated as paramount, and speech may be adjusted accordingly, but violence must be avoided.