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Shloka 18

कर्णनिधनवृत्तान्तनिवेदनम् | Reporting Karṇa’s Fall to Yudhiṣṭhira

अकार्याणां क्रियाणां च संयोगं य: करोति वै । कार्याणामक्रियाणां च स पार्थ पुरुषाधम:

akāryāṇāṁ kriyāṇāṁ ca saṁyogaṁ yaḥ karoti vai | kāryāṇām akriyāṇāṁ ca sa pārtha puruṣādhamaḥ ||

Śrī Kṛṣṇa nói: “Hỡi Pārtha, kẻ thấp hèn nhất trong loài người là kẻ kết giao với điều không nên làm, với những hành vi không đáng khởi sự; lại còn quay lưng với điều phải làm, không hành động nơi bổn phận gọi mời. Kẻ ấy làm rối loạn ranh giới giữa đúng và sai, rồi tự mình rơi khỏi dharma.”

अकार्याणाम्of improper/non-duty acts
अकार्याणाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअकार्य
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
क्रियाणाम्of actions
क्रियाणाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootक्रिया
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
संयोगम्connection/association
संयोगम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसंयोग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
करोतिdoes/makes
करोति:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
कार्याणाम्of proper/duty acts
कार्याणाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकार्य
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
अक्रियाणाम्of non-actions/omissions
अक्रियाणाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअक्रिया
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पार्थO Partha (Arjuna)
पार्थ:
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
पुरुषाधमःthe lowest among men
पुरुषाधमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुषाधम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

श्रीकृष्ण उवाच

Ś
Śrī Kṛṣṇa
P
Pārtha (Arjuna)

Educational Q&A

One must discriminate between what is forbidden (akārya) and what is duty (kārya). Joining oneself to improper actions and neglecting rightful duties is portrayed as moral degradation—an inversion of dharma through wrong choices and culpable omission.

In the Karṇa Parva war setting, Śrī Kṛṣṇa addresses Arjuna (Pārtha) with ethical counsel, warning against confused judgment: aligning with prohibited courses of action while failing to do what duty requires.