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Shloka 38

युधिष्ठिरस्य धनंजय-प्रति गर्हा

Yudhiṣṭhira’s Reproach to Dhanaṃjaya

स पाण्डवानां प्रवरै: सर्वतः समभिद्रुत: । उदीरयन ब्राह्ममस्त्रं शरैरापू्रयद्‌ दिश:

sa pāṇḍavānāṁ pravaraiḥ sarvataḥ samabhidrutaḥ | udīrayan brāhmam astraṁ śarair āpūrayad diśaḥ ||

Sañjaya nói: Khi Karṇa bị các dũng tướng hàng đầu của phe Pāṇḍava công kích từ mọi phía, ông liền triệu xuất Brahmāstra; và bằng một cơn bão tên, ông phủ kín, che lấp cả bốn phương. Cảnh ấy cho thấy rằng trong lúc chiến trận đến hồi cực hạn, một chiến binh sẽ phải dùng đến vũ khí tối thượng trong tay—một sự leo thang vừa phô bày tài nghệ, vừa làm nặng thêm gánh đạo lý của bạo lực.

सःhe (Karna)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पाण्डवानाम्of the Pandavas
पाण्डवानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
प्रवरैःby the foremost (warriors)
प्रवरैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रवर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
सर्वतःon all sides
सर्वतः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसर्वतः
समभिद्रुतःassailed/charged upon
समभिद्रुतः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-अभि-द्रु (धातु)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
उदीरयन्raising/setting in motion
उदीरयन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootउद्-ईर् (धातु)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, शतृ (present active participle)
ब्राह्मम्Brahma-related (Brahmic)
ब्राह्मम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootब्राह्म
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अस्त्रम्weapon (missile)
अस्त्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअस्त्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
शरैःwith arrows
शरैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
आपूरयत्filled/covered
आपूरयत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootआ-पूॄ (धातु)
FormImperfect (लङ्), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
दिशःthe directions
दिशः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदिश्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
Karṇa
P
Pāṇḍavas
B
Brāhmāstra (Brahmā-weapon)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical tension of warfare: when surrounded and pressured, a warrior may resort to supreme force. Such power displays valor, yet it also raises the question of restraint—how far one should escalate violence even when acting within a warrior’s duty.

Karna is attacked from all sides by leading Pāṇḍava fighters. In response, he invokes the Brāhmāstra and releases a dense barrage of arrows that seems to cover the quarters, pushing back the encirclement through overwhelming force.