Shloka 50

अर्जुनस्य द्रोणिप्रतिघातः कर्णोपसर्पणं च

Arjuna Checks Droṇaputra; Karṇa Advances

Devanagari script

दुःशासनं च शैनेयो नवैर्नवभिरायसै:

Transliteration

duḥśāsanaṃ ca śaineyo navair navabhir āyasaiḥ

Translation

Sañjaya nói: Śaineya (Sātyaki) bắn Duḥśāsana chín mũi tên sắt mới, thúc trận chiến tiến lên bằng sức ép không ngơi nghỉ giữa bóng tối đạo lý của cuộc chiến.

Word by Word

• दुःशासनम्: Duhshasana (name), (as) the object
• दुःशासनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुःशासन
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• शैनेयः: the son of Shini (Shaineya)
• शैनेयः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: शैनेय
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• नवैः: with nine
• नवैः: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नव
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• नवभिः: with nine
• नवभिः: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नव
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• आयसैः: made of iron; iron (weapons/arrows)
• आयसैः: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आयस
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Duḥśāsana
• Śaineya (Sātyaki)
• iron arrows

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse underscores the relentless momentum of war and the kṣatriya ethos of decisive action; ethically, it reflects how adharma-driven conflict escalates into repeated cycles of violent consequence.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that Sātyaki (Śaineya) shoots Duḥśāsana with nine iron arrows, marking a forceful exchange in the Karṇa Parva battlefield.