Shloka 17

Karṇa-vadha-pratyaya: Yudhiṣṭhira’s Verification of Karṇa’s Fall (कर्णवध-प्रत्ययः)

Devanagari script

हृष्टसेना: सुसंरब्धा रथानीकप्रहारिण: । कोसलै: काश्यमत्स्यैश्ष कारूषै: केकयैरपि

Transliteration

hṛṣṭasenāḥ susaṃrabdhā rathānīkaprahāriṇaḥ | kosalaiḥ kāśyamatśyaiś ca kārūṣaiḥ kekayair api ||

Translation

Sañjaya nói: Các chiến binh hân hoan và bừng bừng kích động đã đánh thẳng vào những khối đội hình chiến xa dày đặc. Cùng với họ có quân Kosala, Kāśya và Matsya, Kārūṣa, và cả Kekaya nữa—những đạo quân các xứ bị cuốn vào cùng một làn sóng bạo liệt, nơi nhiệt huyết và giận dữ thúc người ta xông vào hàng ngũ đã tổ chức mà không một phút ngơi tay.

Word by Word

• हृष्टसेनाः: those whose armies are exhilarated/joyful (i.e., exultant warriors)
• हृष्टसेनाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: हृष्टसेना
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• सुसंरब्धाः: highly enraged / fiercely excited
• सुसंरब्धाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुसंरब्ध
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• रथानीकप्रहारिणः: attackers/strikers of chariot-formations
• रथानीकप्रहारिणः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथानीकप्रहारिन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• कोसलैः: by/with the Kosalas
• कोसलैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: कोसल
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• काश्य: by/with the Kāśyas (men of Kāśi)
• काश्य: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: काश्य
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• मत्स्यैः: by/with the Matsyas
• मत्स्यैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: मत्स्य
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• कारूषैः: by/with the Kārūṣas
• कारूषैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: कारूष
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• केकयैः: by/with the Kekayas
• केकयैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: केकय
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• अपि: also/even
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Kosala
• Kāśya
• Matsya
• Karūṣa
• Kekaya
• rathānīka (chariot formation)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how, in war, collective exhilaration and anger can intensify violence and make disciplined formations the immediate targets. Ethically, it points to the peril of being driven by saṃrambha (fury/impetuosity), even while acting within the kṣatriya sphere of battle.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that multiple regional forces—Kosalas, Kāśyas, Matsyas, Kārūṣas, and Kekayas—are actively assaulting chariot-divisions, striking at organized chariot arrays amid the heightened momentum of the fight.