Shloka 13
कर्णेन व्यूहविधानम् — Karṇa’s Battle Formation and the Pāṇḍava Counter-Plan
Adhyāya 31
अस्मदीयाश्र बहव: स्वर्गायोपगता रणे । त्यक्त्वा प्राणान् यथाशक्ति चेष्टां कृत्वा च पुष्कलाम्
asmadīyāś ca bahavaḥ svargāyopagatā raṇe | tyaktvā prāṇān yathāśakti ceṣṭāṃ kṛtvā ca puṣkalām ||
Sañjaya nói: “Nhiều chiến binh phe ta, đã gắng sức hết khả năng và dốc trọn nỗ lực lớn lao vì chiến thắng, đã bỏ thân nơi chiến địa và đi lên cõi trời.”
संजय उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse reflects the Mahābhārata’s kṣatriya-ethical frame: sincere, full-strength effort in battle and death faced without retreat is treated as duty fulfilled, and such death is portrayed as leading to svarga. It emphasizes exertion (ceṣṭā) and courage rather than mere outcome.
Sanjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that many warriors on their side have fallen in the fighting. He characterizes their deaths as occurring after vigorous attempts for victory, and he interprets their fall as a passage to heaven.