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Shloka 366

कर्णस्य दानप्रतिज्ञा–शल्योपदेश–वाक्ययुद्धम्

Karna’s Gift-Vows, Shalya’s Counsel, and the Battle of Words

केशेष्वन्योन्यमाक्षिप्य चिह्षिपुर्बिभिदुश्च ह । बहुत-से पैदल योद्धा दूसरे योद्धाओंको निकट पाकर युद्धस्थलमें उनपर मुक्‍्कोंसे प्रहार करने लगते थे। कितने ही एक-दूसरेकी चुटिया पकड़कर परस्पर झटकते-फेंकते और एक- दूसरेको घायल करते थे

keśeṣv anyonyam ākṣipya cikṣipur bibiduś ca ha |

Sañjaya thưa: Trong cuộc giáp chiến chật ních ấy, có kẻ túm tóc nhau mà giằng kéo, lôi xềnh xệch; lại đấm đánh và làm nhau bị thương. Khi vũ khí và khoảng cách đều không còn, chiến trận sụp xuống thành bạo lực thân xác trần trụi—một hình ảnh của sự sa sút đạo lý trong chiến tranh, nơi cơn giận và bản năng sinh tồn lấn át sự tự chế cùng những quy phạm của chiến đấu danh dự.

केशेषुin/at the hair (topknots)
केशेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकेश
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
अन्योन्यम्each other, mutually
अन्योन्यम्:
Karma
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअन्योन्य
आक्षिप्यhaving seized/dragged (by pulling)
आक्षिप्य:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootआ-क्षिप्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada (usage), Non-finite
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
क्षिपुःthey threw/jerked (them)
क्षिपुः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootक्षिप्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
बिभिदुःthey wounded/split (them)
बिभिदुः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootभिद्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
indeed/for emphasis
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root

संजय उवाच

S
Sanjaya
F
foot-soldiers (padāti/pādāta warriors)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the ethical deterioration that prolonged war can produce: when order and weapon-based rules break down, combat turns into desperate, bodily brutality. It implicitly warns that even a dharma-framed war can slide into adharma-like chaos if rage and fear eclipse restraint.

Sanjaya describes a crush of infantry at very close range. Warriors, unable to keep distance or rely on weapons, grab each other by the hair, fling one another, and inflict injuries—depicting the battlefield’s confusion and ferocity.