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Shloka 4

Adhyāya 18 — Sequential Duels and Formation Pressure

Ulūka–Yuyutsu; Śakuni–Sutasoma; Kṛpa–Dhṛṣṭadyumna; Kṛtavarmā–Śikhaṇḍin

भल्‍्लै: क्षुरैरर्धचन्द्रैर्वत्सदन्तैश्व पाण्डव: । चिच्छेदामित्रवीराणां समरे प्रतियुध्यताम्‌

sañjaya uvāca |

bhallaiḥ kṣuraiḥ ardhacandraiḥ vatsadantaiś ca pāṇḍavaḥ |

ciccheda amitravīrāṇāṃ samare pratiyudhyatām ||

Sañjaya thưa: Giữa vòng chiến, vị Pāṇḍava (Arjuna) đã chém hạ các dũng tướng địch đang chống trả—bằng những mũi tên bhalla, kṣura, ardhacandra và vatsadanta. Với các mũi tên sắc bén ấy, chàng chặt đứt chiến mã kéo xe, người đánh xe, cờ hiệu, cung, tên, kiếm; chặt cả bàn tay và vũ khí trong tay, cánh tay, và cả đầu—một hình ảnh của nghệ chiến không ngừng nghỉ, lạnh lùng mà khốc liệt.

भल्लैःwith bhalla-arrows
भल्लैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootभल्ल
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
क्षुरैःwith razor(-edged) arrows
क्षुरैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootक्षुर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
अर्धचन्द्रैःwith half-moon (crescent) arrows
अर्धचन्द्रैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअर्धचन्द्र
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
वत्सदन्तैःwith calf-tooth (barbed) arrows
वत्सदन्तैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवत्सदन्त
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पाण्डवःthe Pandava (Arjuna)
पाण्डवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
चिच्छेदcut, severed
चिच्छेद:
TypeVerb
Rootछिद्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
अमित्रवीराणाम्of the enemy warriors
अमित्रवीराणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootअमित्रवीर
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
समरेin battle
समरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसमर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
प्रतियुध्यताम्of those fighting back / resisting
प्रतियुध्यताम्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रति-युध्
FormPresent active participle (Śatṛ), Masculine, Genitive, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
P
Pāṇḍava (Arjuna)
E
enemy warriors (amitravīrāḥ)
B
bhalla (arrow type)
K
kṣura (razor-edged arrow type)
A
ardhacandra (half-moon arrow type)
V
vatsadanta (arrow type)
C
chariots
H
horses
C
charioteers
B
banners (dhvaja)
B
bows (dhanus)
A
arrows (sāyaka)
S
swords
H
hands
W
weapons
A
arms
H
heads

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the terrible efficiency of warfare: extraordinary skill can fulfill kṣatriya-duty in battle, yet it also reveals the moral weight of violence—victory is achieved through decisive, often gruesome action against living beings and their supports (horses, drivers, weapons).

Sañjaya describes Arjuna’s battlefield dominance: using specialized cutting arrows, he disables and destroys the enemy’s fighting capacity by severing horses, charioteers, banners, bows, weapons, limbs, and heads of opposing warriors who are actively resisting.