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Mahabharata 7.24.16Drona Parva, Adhyaya 24, Shloka 16

द्रोणाभिमुखानां निवारण-युद्धम् / Interceptions on the Droṇa-front

कथं स्यादवशेषो हि धुर्ययोरभ्यतीतयो: । यौ नित्यमुपजीवाम: क्षमिणौ पुरुषर्षभौ

kathaṁ syād avaśeṣo hi dhuryayor abhyatītayoḥ | yau nityam upajīvāmaḥ kṣamiṇau puruṣarṣabhau ||

Vua Dhṛtarāṣṭra nói: “Làm sao còn có kẻ sống sót, khi hai dũng tướng bậc nhất ấy đã khuất? Chúng ta vẫn nương tựa mà sống nhờ những bậc anh hùng nhẫn nại, vững như bò mộng giữa loài người. Nay những trụ cột ấy đã rời cõi thế, làm sao một binh sĩ nào trong quân ta còn có thể sống?”

कथम्how?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
स्यात्could be / would be
स्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (as)
FormVidhi-lin (optative), 3, singular, Parasmaipada
अवशेषःa remainder; survivor
अवशेषः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअवशेष
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
हिindeed; for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
धुर्ययोःof the two foremost/leading ones
धुर्ययोः:
TypeNoun
Rootधुर्य
Formmasculine, genitive, dual
अभ्यतीतयोःof the two who have passed away/departed
अभ्यतीतयोः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअभ्यतीत (अभि + अतीत)
Formmasculine, genitive, dual
यौwho (the two)
यौ:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
Formmasculine, nominative, dual
नित्यम्always
नित्यम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्य
उपजीवामःwe live by; we subsist on
उपजीवामः:
TypeVerb
Rootउप + जीव् (jīv)
FormLat (present indicative), 1, plural, Parasmaipada
क्षमिणौpatient; forbearing
क्षमिणौ:
TypeAdjective
Rootक्षमिन्
Formmasculine, nominative, dual
पुरुषर्षभौbulls among men; best of men (two)
पुरुषर्षभौ:
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुषर्षभ
Formmasculine, nominative, dual

धृतराष्ट उवाच

D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
K
Kaurava army (senā)
T
two leading champions (dhuryau)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the fragility of power structures built on a few exceptional individuals: when the principal protectors fall, collective confidence collapses. It also underscores impermanence in war and the ethical weight of relying on might rather than stable dharma-based order.

Dhṛtarāṣṭra, hearing of the departure (death) of two key champions on whom the Kauravas depended, expresses disbelief that any of his soldiers could survive. His words convey shock, grief, and the sense that the army’s very life depended on those leaders.

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