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Shloka 50

नारायणास्त्र-शमनं द्रौणि-प्रहारश्च

Pacification of the Nārāyaṇāstra and Drauni’s Renewed Assault

भरतश्रेष्ठ] उस समरांगणमें मोहवश पिताने पुत्रका वध कर डाला और पुत्रने पिताका। मित्रने मित्रके प्राण ले लिये। मामाने भानजेको मार डाला और भानजेने मामाको ।।

sanjaya uvāca | sve svān pare parāṁś cāpi nijaghnur itaretaram | nirmaryādam abhūd yuddhaṁ rātri bhīru-bhayānakam ||

Sañjaya nói: Trong trận chiến ban đêm ấy, vì mê muội, cha giết con và con giết cha. Bạn giết bạn. Cậu (bên mẹ) giết cháu trai và cháu trai giết lại cậu. Những chiến binh cùng phe chém giết chính quân mình; kẻ bị tưởng là địch lại hóa ra người nhà—họ giết lẫn nhau. Bởi thế, cuộc giao tranh trong đêm trở nên vô pháp vô luân, và đêm ấy thành nỗi kinh hoàng ngay cả với kẻ nhút nhát—một sự sụp đổ đạo lý khi hỗn loạn xóa sạch mọi kiềm chế.

स्वेin/among one’s own (side)
स्वे:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootस्व
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
स्वान्one’s own (people)
स्वान्:
Karma
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootस्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
परेin/among the other (side)
परे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
परान्others (their own people)
परान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
निजघ्नुःthey slew/killed
निजघ्नुः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
इतरेतरम्one another (mutually)
इतरेतरम्:
Karma
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootइतरेतर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
निर्मर्यादम्without bounds/without restraint
निर्मर्यादम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनिर्मर्याद
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अभूत्became/was
अभूत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
युद्धम्the battle
युद्धम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
रात्रौat night
रात्रौ:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरात्रि
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
भीरु-भयानकम्terrifying to the timid/cowards
भीरु-भयानकम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootभीरुभयानक
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
F
father
S
son
F
friend
M
maternal uncle (māma)
S
sister’s son/nephew (bhāneja)

Educational Q&A

When warfare loses discernment and restraint (maryādā), it collapses into adharma: delusion makes people harm even their own kin and allies. The verse highlights how moha and uncontrolled violence erase moral boundaries, turning battle into a warning about ethical disintegration.

During a chaotic night engagement, fighters cannot properly recognize one another. In the confusion, they mutually strike down their own side as well as those they misidentify, leading to kin-slaying and friend-slaying. Sañjaya describes the battle as ‘nirmaryāda’—without rules or limits—and frightening in the darkness.