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Shloka 16

Makara-vyūha and Krauñca-prativyūha at Sunrise (मकरव्यूहः क्रौञ्चप्रतिव्यूहश्च)

अवध्यौ च यथा वीरी संयुगेष्वपराजितौ । यथा च पाण्डवा राजन्नवध्या युधि कस्यचित्‌

avadhyau ca yathā vīrī saṃyugeṣv aparājitau | yathā ca pāṇḍavā rājann avadhyā yudhi kasyacit ||

Sañjaya nói: “Tâu đức vua, bệ hạ đã nghe rõ rằng hai vị anh hùng bất khả chiến bại—Ṛṣi Nara và Nārāyaṇa—trong chiến trận là những bậc không thể bị sát hại; và cũng vậy, các Pāṇḍava trên chiến địa không ai có thể giết được.”

अवध्यौinvulnerable, not to be slain
अवध्यौ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअवध्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
यथाas, just as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
वीरीtwo heroes
वीरी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवीर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
संयुगेषुin battles
संयुगेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसंयुग
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
अपराजितौunconquered, undefeated
अपराजितौ:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअपराजित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Dual
यथाas, just as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पाण्डवाःthe Pandavas
पाण्डवाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
अवध्याःinvulnerable, not to be slain
अवध्याः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअवध्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
युधिin battle
युधि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुध्
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
कस्यचित्of anyone, of any (person)
कस्यचित्:
TypePronoun
Rootकश्चित्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by 'rājan')
P
Pāṇḍavas
N
Nara (Ṛṣi Nara, implied by the accompanying prose gloss)
N
Nārāyaṇa (implied by the accompanying prose gloss)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the idea that certain agents aligned with a higher purpose—here framed as unconquered and ‘not to be slain’—stand under a moral and providential protection. It reinforces the ethical warning that opposing such dharma-aligned forces is futile and self-destructive.

Sañjaya addresses the king (Dhṛtarāṣṭra), summarizing what has been explained: the inviolability of the two undefeated heroes (understood in the surrounding context as Nara and Nārāyaṇa) and, similarly, the Pāṇḍavas’ being beyond anyone’s power to kill in battle—signaling the inevitability of the Kauravas’ defeat.