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Shloka 186

Adhyāya 70: Sātyaki’s Arrow-Display and the Bhūriśravas Engagement; Twilight Withdrawal

वैश्यांश्वाप्यूरूतो राजन्‌ शूद्रान्‌ वै पादतस्तथा । इन कमलनयन भगवान्‌से बढ़कर दूसरा कोई तत्त्व न हुआ है

vaiśyāṁś cāpy ūrutaḥ rājan śūdrān vai pādataḥ tathā |

Bhīṣma nói: «Tâu Đại vương, từ đùi của Ngài sinh ra giai cấp Vaiśya, và cũng từ bàn chân của Ngài sinh ra giai cấp Śūdra. Như thế, Đấng Tối Thượng—mắt như hoa sen—đã hiển lộ bốn đẳng cấp từ chính thân mình: Brāhmaṇa từ miệng, Kṣatriya từ hai cánh tay, Vaiśya từ đùi, và Śūdra từ bàn chân.»

वैश्यान्Vaishyas
वैश्यान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवैश्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
ऊरुतःfrom the thigh
ऊरुतः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootऊरु
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
शूद्रान्Shudras
शूद्रान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशूद्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
पादतःfrom the foot/feet
पादतः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootपाद
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
तथाthus/likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
R
rājan (the king, i.e., Yudhiṣṭhira in context)
V
Vaiśyas
Ś
Śūdras
B
Brāhmaṇas
K
Kṣatriyas
B
Bhagavān (the Lord, implied as Viṣṇu/Nārāyaṇa/Puruṣa)

Educational Q&A

The verse presents the four varṇas as originating from a single divine source, framing social duties as parts of an overarching cosmic dharma; it encourages respect for the ethical order and role-based responsibilities within society.

Bhīṣma is instructing the king on dharma and the structure of society, explaining a traditional cosmological account in which the Lord manifests Brāhmaṇas, Kṣatriyas, Vaiśyas, and Śūdras from different parts of His body.