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Shloka 29

भीष्मस्य भीमसेन-निरोधः

Bhīṣma checks Bhīmasena; matched engagements intensify

दृष्टवा भ्रातृन्‌ रणे सर्वान्‌ निर्जितांस्तु महारथान्‌ । शोकसम्मूढहदयो निशाकाले सम कौरव:,दुर्योधनने यही बात पितामह भीष्मसे पूछी थी। महाराज! युद्धमें अपने समस्त महारथी भाइयोंको पराजित हुआ देख आपके पुत्र कुरुराज दुर्योधनका हृदय शोकसे मोहित हो गया। उसने रातमें महाज्ञानी पितामह भीष्मके पास विनयपूर्वक जाकर जो कुछ पूछा था, वह बताता हूँ, मुझसे सुनिये

sañjaya uvāca | dṛṣṭvā bhrātṝn raṇe sarvān nirjitāṁs tu mahārathān | śoka-sammūḍha-hṛdayo niśā-kāle sama-kāuravaḥ ||

Sañjaya thưa: Thấy tất cả anh em mình—những đại xa chiến binh—đều bị đánh bại nơi chiến địa, Duryodhana, vương tử nhà Kuru, trong lòng bị sầu khổ phủ lấp. Đêm ấy, tâm trí mờ đi vì bi thương, chàng khiêm cung đến gần bậc tổ phụ Bhīṣma, người đại trí, và thưa hỏi. Xin Đại vương lắng nghe, thần sẽ thuật lại điều chàng đã hỏi.

दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), कर्तरि
भ्रातॄन्brothers
भ्रातॄन्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभ्रातृ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
रणेin battle
रणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरण
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
सर्वान्all
सर्वान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
निर्जितान्defeated
निर्जितान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootनिर्जित
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Accusative, Plural
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
महारथान्great chariot-warriors
महारथान्:
TypeNoun
Rootमहारथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
शोकसम्मूढहृदयःone whose heart is bewildered by grief
शोकसम्मूढहृदयः:
TypeAdjective
Rootशोकसम्मूढहृदय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
निशाकालेat night-time
निशाकाले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनिशाकाल
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
सम्together/fully (as preverb)
सम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम्
कौरवःthe Kaurava (Duryodhana)
कौरवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकौरव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
D
Duryodhana
B
Bhīṣma
K
Kauravas
B
brothers (bhrātṛs)
M
mahārathas

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how grief and attachment can cloud judgment even in a ruler, and it points to the ethical need for seeking wise counsel with humility—especially after setbacks in war and governance.

After witnessing his side’s leading warriors (his brothers/kinsmen) defeated, Duryodhana becomes distressed and, during the night, goes respectfully to Bhīṣma to ask questions; Sañjaya prepares to report that dialogue to Dhṛtarāṣṭra.