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Shloka 176

गौरुडव्यूह-रचना तथा अर्धचन्द्र-प्रत्यव्यूह

Garuḍa Array and the Ardhacandra Counter-Formation

हतसारथिरप्युच्चै: पपात काष्ठवद्‌ रथ: । कितने ही वीर दूसरोंके बाणोंसे मारे जाकर रथसे गिर पड़ते थे। कहीं सारथिके मारे जानेपर रथ साधारण काष्ठकी भाँति ऊँचेसे नीचे गिर पड़ता था

hata-sārathir apy uccaiḥ papāta kāṣṭhavad rathaḥ |

Sañjaya thưa: Giữa cơn hỗn loạn của chiến trường, nhiều dũng sĩ bị mũi tên của kẻ khác hạ gục rồi rơi khỏi chiến xa. Và ở nơi khác, khi người đánh xe (sārathi) bị giết, cỗ xe—dù vẫn còn đó—đổ sầm từ trên cao xuống như một khúc gỗ.

हतसारथि:having the charioteer slain
हतसारथि::
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootहतसारथि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अपिeven/also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
उच्चैःfrom on high; loudly/high
उच्चैः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउच्चैः
पपातfell
पपात:
TypeVerb
Rootपत्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
काष्ठवत्like wood; as if a log
काष्ठवत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकाष्ठवत्
रथःthe chariot
रथः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
R
ratha (chariot)
S
sārathi (charioteer)
B
bāṇa (arrows)
V
vīra (warriors/heroes)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how swiftly power and stability vanish in war: when the guiding agent (the charioteer) is removed, the instrument of action (the chariot) collapses. Ethically, it evokes the Mahābhārata’s recurring reminder of impermanence and the dependence of success on right guidance and support, even amid kṣatriya duty.

Sañjaya describes battlefield scenes where warriors, pierced by arrows, fall from their chariots; and in some cases, once the charioteer is killed, the chariot itself plunges down like a log, emphasizing the chaos and carnage of the Kurukṣetra war.