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Shloka 10

गौरुडव्यूह-रचना तथा अर्धचन्द्र-प्रत्यव्यूह

Garuḍa Array and the Ardhacandra Counter-Formation

गजान्‌ कण्टकसन्नाहान्‌ वज्रेणेव शिलोच्चयान्‌ । रथा रथेषु संसक्ता व्यदृश्यन्त विशाम्पते

sañjaya uvāca | gajān kaṇṭakasannāhān vajreṇeva śilocchayān | rathā ratheṣu saṃsaktā vyadṛśyanta viśāmpate | jighāṃsantaṃ yudhāṃ śreṣṭha tadā āsīt tumulaṃ mahat |

Sañjaya thưa: Tâu chúa tể muôn dân, những voi chiến mặc giáp gai bị thấy ngã quỵ như đỉnh đá bị sét đánh vỡ. Chiến xa ép sát chiến xa, khóa chặt nhau trong cơn chen lấn. Khi các dũng tướng hàng đầu tiến lên với ý định giết chóc, trận chiến lúc ấy dâng thành một cơn náo loạn mênh mông, kinh hoàng.

गजान्elephants
गजान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगज
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
कण्टक-सन्नाहान्armoured with spiked mail
कण्टक-सन्नाहान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootकण्टकसन्नाह
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
वज्रेणwith a thunderbolt
वज्रेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवज्र
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
इवas/like
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
शिलोच्चयान्rocky heaps; mountain-masses
शिलोच्चयान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशिलोच्चय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
रथाःchariots
रथाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
रथेषुamong/on chariots
रथेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
संसक्ताःclinging/locked together
संसक्ताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसंसक्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
व्यदृश्यन्तwere seen/appeared
व्यदृश्यन्त:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormImperfect, 3rd, Plural, Atmanepada, Passive (impersonal/medio-passive usage)
विशाम्पतेO lord of the people
विशाम्पते:
TypeNoun
Rootविशाम्पति
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (viśāmpati)
E
elephants (gaja)
C
chariots (ratha)
V
vajra (Indra’s thunderbolt, as simile)
R
rocky peaks/masses (śilocchaya/śiloccaya)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the ethical weight of war: when warriors act with the intent to kill, even the strongest defenses (armored elephants, massed chariots) collapse. It highlights how martial resolve and kṣatriya prowess, once unleashed, create overwhelming destruction—inviting reflection on responsibility and the cost of violence.

Sañjaya describes to Dhṛtarāṣṭra the intensity of the fighting: armored elephants are brought down as if mountains struck by a thunderbolt, and chariots are packed and entangled in close combat. The battlefield becomes a great, chaotic tumult as elite warriors press forward to slay.