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Shloka 8

Nirmaryāda-saṃgrāma-varṇana — The Unbounded Clash and Bhīṣma’s Rallying Presence

असत्यमप्रतिष्ठ॑ ते जगदाहुरनी श्वरम्‌ । अपरस्परसम्भूतं किमन्यत्‌ कामहैतुकम्‌

asatyam apratiṣṭhaṁ te jagad āhur anīśvaram | aparaspara-sambhūtaṁ kim anyat kāma-haitukam ||

Hạng người mang bản tính a-tu-la nói rằng: “Thế gian này là hư vọng, không có nền tảng bền vững, không có Đấng Chủ Tể. Nó tự phát sinh, chỉ do sự giao hợp của nam và nữ; vì thế dục vọng là nguyên nhân duy nhất. Ngoài ra còn gì nữa?”

असत्यम्untrue, unreal
असत्यम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअसत्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अप्रतिष्ठम्without foundation/support
अप्रतिष्ठम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअप्रतिष्ठ
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तेof you/your (i.e., their)
ते:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
जगत्the world
जगत्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजगत्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आहुःthey say/declare
आहुः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअह्
FormPerfect, Third, Plural
अनीश्वरम्without a Lord (godless)
अनीश्वरम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअनीश्वर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अपरस्परसम्भूतम्arisen without mutual causation/connection
अपरस्परसम्भूतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअपरस्पर-सम्भूत
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
किम्what?
किम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अन्यत्other (than this)
अन्यत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअन्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
कामहैतुकम्having desire as its cause
कामहैतुकम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकाम-हैतुक
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

अजुन उवाच

A
Arjuna
J
jagat (the world)
Ī
Īśvara (the Lord, as denied by the speakers)

Educational Q&A

The verse critiques a nihilistic/materialistic outlook that denies truth, moral grounding, and divine governance, reducing the origin and meaning of the world to mere desire. Ethically, it warns that such a view undermines responsibility and dharma by rejecting higher order and accountability.

Arjuna reports and characterizes the claims made by people of an “āsurī” (demoniac) disposition: they describe the world as baseless, unreal, and godless, and explain existence as arising only from lust/desire rather than from a righteous cosmic order.