Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 8

Sainyavinyāsa–Lakṣaṇa (Disposition of Armies and Battlefield Omens) | सैन्यविन्यास–लक्षणम्

चन्द्रप्रभं श्वेतमथातपत्र सौवर्णसख्रग्‌ भ्राजति चोत्तमाड़े । त॑ सर्वतः शकुनि: पर्वतीयै: सार्थ गान्धारैर्याति गान्धारराज:

sañjaya uvāca |

candraprabhaṁ śvetam athātapatraṁ sauvarṇa-srag bhrājati cottamāṅge |

taṁ sarvataḥ śakuniḥ parvataiyaiḥ sārthaṁ gāndhārair yāti gāndhāra-rājaḥ ||

Sañjaya nói: Một chiếc lọng trắng rực sáng như vầng trăng được giương cao trên đầu ông, và vòng hoa vàng chói lọi nơi đỉnh đầu. Vua xứ Gāndhāra, Śakuni, tiến lên cùng các chiến binh miền núi của Gāndhāra, di chuyển để vây quanh Duryodhana từ mọi phía—một hình ảnh phô bày sự che chở, đồng thời gợi lên mạng lưới mưu lược và ảnh hưởng đang siết chặt quanh đại nghiệp Kaurava khi các trận thế dần thành hình.

चन्द्रप्रभम्moon-bright
चन्द्रप्रभम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootचन्द्रप्रभ
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
श्वेतम्white
श्वेतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootश्वेत
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अथthen/and
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
आतपत्रम्parasol, umbrella
आतपत्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआतपत्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
सौवर्णस्रक्golden garland
सौवर्णस्रक्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसौवर्णस्रज्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
भ्राजतिshines
भ्राजति:
TypeVerb
Rootभ्राज्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
उत्तमाङ्गेon the head
उत्तमाङ्गे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootउत्तमाङ्ग
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
सर्वतःfrom all sides
सर्वतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसर्वतः
शकुनिःShakuni
शकुनिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशकुनि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पर्वतीयैःwith mountain(-dwelling) (warriors)
पर्वतीयैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootपर्वतीय
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
सार्थम्together with
सार्थम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसार्थम्
गान्धारैःwith the Gandharas
गान्धारैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootगान्धार
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
यातिgoes, proceeds
याति:
TypeVerb
Rootया
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
गान्धारराजःthe king of Gandhara
गान्धारराजः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगान्धारराज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
Ś
Śakuni
G
Gāndhāra
G
Gāndhāra warriors (parvatīya)
D
Duryodhana
W
white parasol (ātapatra)
G
golden garland (sauvarṇa-srag)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores how outward symbols of sovereignty (parasol, gold garland) and the visible support of allies can project legitimacy and strength, yet it also suggests an ethical tension: power is being consolidated around a cause driven by ambition and contested dharma, where influence and counsel (notably Śakuni’s) shape the course toward conflict.

Sañjaya describes the Kaurava-side leaders and their formations: Śakuni, identified as the king of Gāndhāra, advances with Gāndhāra’s mountain warriors, moving in a way that surrounds and supports Duryodhana, while royal emblems—especially a moon-bright white parasol and a golden garland—mark the central figure’s prominence.