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Shloka 2

Bhīṣma-parva Adhyāya 16 — Saṃjaya’s Boon, Bhīṣma’s Protection, and the Dawn Arraying of Armies

शड्खदुन्दुभिघौषैश्न सिंहनादैश्व भारत । हयहेषितनादैश्व रथनेमिस्वनैस्तथा

sañjaya uvāca | śaṅkha-dundubhi-ghoṣaiś ca siṃha-nādaiś ca bhārata | haya-heṣita-nādaiś ca ratha-nemi-svanaiḥ tathā ||

Sañjaya nói: “Hỡi Bharata, khắp chiến địa vang dậy một cơn cuồng âm—tiếng tù và, tiếng trống lớn dội rền, tiếng gầm như sư tử của các dũng sĩ, tiếng ngựa hí, và tiếng bánh xe chiến xa rung rền.”

शङ्खदुन्दुभिघोषैःby the sounds of conches and kettledrums
शङ्खदुन्दुभिघोषैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशङ्ख-दुन्दुभि-घोष
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सिंहनादैःby lion-roars (battle-cries)
सिंहनादैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसिंहनाद
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
भारतO Bharata
भारत:
TypeNoun
Rootभारत
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
हयहेषितनादैःby the sounds of horses' neighing
हयहेषितनादैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootहय-हेषित-नाद
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
रथनेमिस्वनैःby the rattling sounds of chariot-wheels
रथनेमिस्वनैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootरथ-नेमि-स्वन
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
तथाlikewise/also
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा

संजय उवाच

S
Sanjaya
D
Dhritarashtra (addressed as Bhārata)
C
conch (śaṅkha)
K
kettle-drum (dundubhi)
H
horses (haya)
C
chariots (ratha)
C
chariot-wheels (nemi)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the epic’s ethical frame for war: before any moral judgment of actions, the narrative first establishes the overwhelming reality of battle—signals, collective resolve, and the charged atmosphere that tests dharma under extreme pressure.

Sanjaya reports to Dhritarashtra that the field has erupted in a great din—conches and war-drums sounding, warriors roaring, horses neighing, and chariot-wheels rumbling—marking the armies’ mobilization and the imminent commencement of combat.