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Shloka 18

भीष्मपतनविषये धृतराष्ट्रस्य प्रश्नाः | Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s Questions on Bhīṣma’s Fall

अरक्ष्यमाणं हि वृको हन्यात्‌ सिंहं महाबलम्‌ । मा सिंहं जम्बुकेनेव घातयाम: शिखण्डिना

arakṣyamāṇaṃ hi vṛko hanyāt siṃhaṃ mahābalam | mā siṃhaṃ jambuken eva ghātayāmaḥ śikhaṇḍinā |

Sañjaya nói: “Dẫu là sư tử hùng mạnh, nếu bị bỏ mặc không người che chở, cũng có thể bị một con sói giết. Chúng ta chớ để Bhīṣma—dũng mãnh như sư tử—bị Śikhaṇḍin hạ gục, như sư tử bị chó rừng quật ngã.”

अरक्ष्यमाणम्unguarded, not being protected
अरक्ष्यमाणम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootरक्ष् (धातु) + य (प्रत्यय) ; अरक्ष्यमाण (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
हिindeed, for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
वृकःa wolf
वृकः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवृक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हन्यात्might/should kill
हन्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
सिंहम्a lion
सिंहम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसिंह
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
महाबलम्very strong, of great strength
महाबलम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहा + बल (महाबल)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
माdo not
मा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा
सिंहम्the lion
सिंहम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसिंह
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
जम्बुकेनby a jackal
जम्बुकेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootजम्बुक
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
इवlike, as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
घातयामःlet us cause to be killed / let us kill (by causing)
घातयामः:
TypeVerb
Rootघातय् (हन्-णिच्) / घातय (धातु-प्रयोग)
FormPresent (Lat), 1st, Plural, Parasmaipada
शिखण्डिनाby Shikhandin
शिखण्डिना:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशिखण्डिन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
B
Bhīṣma
Ś
Śikhaṇḍin
W
wolf (vṛka)
L
lion (siṃha)
J
jackal (jambuka)

Educational Q&A

The verse uses animal imagery to warn that even the greatest can be defeated if left unprotected, and it frames an ethical concern: a heroic warrior should not be brought down through an ignoble or opportunistic means.

Sañjaya comments on the battlefield situation, likening Bhīṣma to a lion and Śikhaṇḍin to a jackal, urging that Bhīṣma should not be allowed to be killed through Śikhaṇḍin’s involvement—implying a tactical and moral objection to that mode of defeat.