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Shloka 78

समं च विषमं चैव न प्राज्ञायत किंचन । योधानामयुतं हत्वा तस्मिन्‌ स दशमे5हनि

samaṃ ca viṣamaṃ caiva na prājñāyata kiṃcana | yodhānām ayutaṃ hatvā tasmin sa daśame 'hani ||

Sañjaya nói: Trong cơn hỗn loạn ấy, chẳng còn phân biệt được gì là bằng phẳng hay gồ ghề—không còn trật tự hay ranh giới rõ ràng. Sau khi giết vô số chiến binh, hắn đứng đó trong ngày thứ mười, khi cả cân bằng của thân xác lẫn lẽ phải đều bị che lấp bởi bạo lực ngập tràn.

समम्equal (thing/state)
समम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसम
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
विषमम्unequal/irregular (thing/state)
विषमम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootविषम
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
प्राज्ञायतwas known/was discerned
प्राज्ञायत:
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा
FormImperfect (Lan), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada (passive sense: was known/was discerned)
किञ्चनanything (at all)
किञ्चन:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootकिञ्चन
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
योधानाम्of warriors
योधानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootयोध
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
अयुतम्ten thousand
अयुतम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअयुत
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
हत्वाhaving slain
हत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormAbsolutive (क्त्वा), Parasmaipada sense
तस्मिन्in that (time/place)
तस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दशमेon the tenth
दशमे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective (ordinal)
Rootदशम
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
अहनिday
अहनि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअहन्
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
W
warriors (yodhāḥ)
T
tenth day of the Kurukṣetra war

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores how large-scale violence collapses ordinary measures of clarity and proportion: when slaughter becomes overwhelming, distinctions of order/disorder and even moral legibility can vanish from view. It implicitly warns that war’s momentum can obscure discernment (viveka), even as it records the grim fact of mass killing.

Sañjaya reports that amid the fighting on the tenth day, the battlefield was so confused that no one could make out what was even, uneven, orderly, or otherwise. He notes that ‘he’ (the principal fighter being described in context) had killed ten thousand warriors and remained engaged on that tenth day.