Shloka 11

भीष्मस्य जलप्रार्थना — अर्जुनस्य पर्जन्यास्त्रप्रयोगः — दुर्योधनं प्रति सन्ध्युपदेशः

Bhīṣma’s request for water; Arjuna’s Parjanya-astra; counsel to Duryodhana on reconciliation

Devanagari script

दुर्मर्षणं च विंशत्या चित्रसेनं च पञठचभि: । विकर्ण दशभिर्बाणै: पञ्चभिश्न जयद्रथम्‌

Transliteration

durmarṣaṇaṃ ca viṃśatyā citrasenaṃ ca pañcabhiḥ | vikarṇaṃ daśabhir bāṇaiḥ pañcabhiś ca jayadratham ||

Translation

Sañjaya nói: Với hai mươi mũi tên, chàng bắn trúng Durmarṣaṇa; với năm mũi, bắn trúng Citrasena; với mười mũi, bắn trúng Vikarṇa; và với năm mũi, bắn trúng Jayadratha. Lời tường thuật nhấn mạnh sự chính xác không ngơi nghỉ của đòn đánh giữa cơn hỗn loạn đạo lý của chiến trường, nơi sức mạnh và ý chí được phô bày bằng những cú đánh đo lường, nhắm đích, chứ không phải bạo lực mù quáng.

Word by Word

• दुर्मर्षणम्: Durmarshaṇa (a warrior)
• दुर्मर्षणम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुर्मर्षण
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• विंशत्या: with twenty (arrows)
• विंशत्या: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: विंशति
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental, Singular

• चित्रसेनम्: Citraseṇa (a warrior)
• चित्रसेनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: चित्रसेन
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• पञ्चभिः: with five (arrows)
• पञ्चभिः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पञ्च
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• विकर्णम्: Vikarṇa (a warrior)
• विकर्णम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: विकर्ण
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• दशभिः: with ten (arrows)
• दशभिः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: दश
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• बाणैः: with arrows
• बाणैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: बाण
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• पञ्चभिः: with five (arrows)
• पञ्चभिः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पञ्च
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• जयद्रथम्: Jayadratha (a warrior)
• जयद्रथम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: जयद्रथ
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Durmarṣaṇa
• Citrasena
• Vikarṇa
• Jayadratha
• arrows (bāṇa)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights disciplined martial action in war: strength is expressed through controlled, deliberate strikes. In the Mahābhārata’s ethical frame, even violence in battle is expected to follow a warrior’s code—skill, restraint, and purpose rather than chaos.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports a sequence of battlefield hits: a warrior (implied from context) shoots multiple Kaurava fighters—Durmarṣaṇa, Citrasena, Vikarṇa, and Jayadratha—each with a specified number of arrows, emphasizing the intensity and precision of the engagement.