Shloka 18

अर्जुनप्रमुखा: पार्था: पुरस्कृत्य शिखण्डिनम्‌ । भीष्म युद्धे3 भ्यवर्तन्त किरन्तो विविधाउछरान्‌,अर्जुन आदि कुन्तीकुमारोंने शिखण्डीको आगे करके युद्धमें नाना प्रकारके बाणोंकी वर्षा करते हुए वहाँ भीष्मपर चढ़ाई की

arjunapramukhāḥ pārthāḥ puraskṛtya śikhaṇḍinam | bhīṣmaṃ yuddhe ’bhyavartanta kiranto vividhauṣarān ||

Sañjaya nói: “Với Arjuna dẫn đầu, các con của Pṛthā tiến lên giao chiến với Bhīṣma, đặt Śikhaṇḍin ở phía trước và trút xuống một cơn mưa tên đủ loại.”

अर्जुनप्रमुखाःhaving Arjuna as leader / led by Arjuna
अर्जुनप्रमुखाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअर्जुन-प्रमुख
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पार्थाःthe sons of Pṛthā (Pāṇḍavas)
पार्थाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पुरस्कृत्यhaving placed in front / putting forward
पुरस्कृत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootपुरस्-कृ
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage), Non-finite
शिखण्डिनम्Śikhaṇḍin
शिखण्डिनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशिखण्डिन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
भीष्मेagainst/at Bhīṣma (in the matter of Bhīṣma)
भीष्मे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
युद्धेin battle
युद्धे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
अभ्यवर्तन्तthey advanced/attacked
अभ्यवर्तन्त:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-√वृत्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
किरन्तःscattering/showering
किरन्तः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Root√कॄ (किरति)
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
विविधान्various
विविधान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootविविध
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
शरान्arrows
शरान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
A
Arjuna
P
Pārthas (Pāṇḍavas)
Ś
Śikhaṇḍin
B
Bhīṣma
B
battlefield (Kurukṣetra, implied)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how dharma in war is not only about valor but also about vows, restraint, and moral constraints. Bhīṣma’s personal code affects what he will or will not do, and the Pāṇḍavas’ strategy leverages that ethical boundary—showing that inner principles can decisively shape outer outcomes.

Sañjaya narrates that the Pāṇḍavas, led by Arjuna, advance toward Bhīṣma in battle. They place Śikhaṇḍin at the front and then unleash a heavy, varied volley of arrows as they press their attack on the grandsire.