Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 7

Adhyāya 108 — Nimitta-darśana and Drona’s counsel amid Arjuna’s advance (निमित्तदर्शनं द्रोणोपदेशश्च)

स एवमुक्त: समरे पुत्रो द:ःशासनस्तव । परिवार्य स्थितो भीष्म सैन्येन महता वृतः

sa evam uktaḥ samare putro duḥśāsanas tava | parivārya sthito bhīṣmaḥ sainyena mahatā vṛtaḥ | (pālayām āsa mahatā yatnena ca susaṃyataḥ) |

Sañjaya nói: Khi lời ấy được thốt ra giữa chiến địa, con trai của ngài là Duḥśāsana đứng vây quanh Bhīṣma, được một đạo quân lớn bao bọc. Với sự tự chế vững vàng và nỗ lực lớn lao, hắn canh giữ để bảo vệ người.

सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एवम्thus
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
उक्तःhaving been spoken to / addressed
उक्तः:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular, Passive (participial)
समरेin battle
समरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसमर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
पुत्रःson
पुत्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दुःशासनःDuhshasana
दुःशासनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदुःशासन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तवyour
तव:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormMasculine/Feminine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
परिवार्यhaving surrounded
परिवार्य:
TypeVerb
Rootपरि + वृत्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Active (gerundial), true
स्थितःstood / remained
स्थितः:
TypeVerb
Rootस्था
Formक्त (past active participle usage), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
भीष्मम्Bhishma
भीष्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
सैन्येनwith (his) army
सैन्येन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसैन्य
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
महताgreat, huge
महता:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
वृतःsurrounded / enclosed
वृतः:
TypeVerb
Rootवृ (वरणे/आवरणे)
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular, Passive (participial)
पालयामासprotected / guarded
पालयामास:
TypeVerb
Rootपाल्
Formलिट् (periphrastic perfect), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada, Perfect (narrative past)
महताwith great
महता:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहत्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
यत्नेनeffort
यत्नेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootयत्न
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सुसंयतःwell-restrained, very vigilant
सुसंयतः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसु + संयत
Formक्त (PPP used adjectivally), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sanjaya
D
Dhritarashtra
D
Duhshasana
B
Bhishma
K
Kaurava army

Educational Q&A

Even amid adharma-driven conflict, the epic highlights recognizable virtues—discipline, vigilance, and loyalty to one’s commander and elder. Yet it also invites ethical reflection: such virtues can be employed in service of a questionable cause, showing how dharma becomes complex in war.

After being addressed, Duḥśāsana positions himself around Bhīṣma with a large contingent, forming a protective ring. He remains alert and self-controlled, actively guarding Bhīṣma as the battle intensifies.