Shloka 37
Adhyāya 104 — Śikhaṇḍin-puraskāraḥ (Śikhaṇḍin as Vanguard) and Bhīṣma’s Counter-Advance
Devanagari script
ततः सरथनागाश्रचा: पुत्रास्तव जनेश्वर । परिवत्रू रणे भीष्म जुगुपुश्चन समन््तत:,जनेश्वरर उस समय आपके पुत्र रथ, हाथी, घोड़ोंकी सेना साथ लेकर युद्धस्थलमें भीष्मको घेरकर खड़े हो गये और सब ओरसे उनकी रक्षा करने लगे
Transliteration
tataḥ sa-ratha-nāgāśvaḥ putrās tava janeśvara | parivavruḥ raṇe bhīṣmaṁ jugupuś ca samantataḥ ||
Translation
Sañjaya nói: Rồi, tâu chúa tể loài người, các hoàng tử của bệ hạ—dẫn theo chiến xa, voi trận và kỵ binh—đã vây quanh Bhīṣma trên chiến địa và đứng canh giữ ông từ mọi phía.
Word by Word
ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
FormAvyaya (ablatival adverb: 'from that/thereupon')
स-रथ-नाग-अश्वाःwith chariots, elephants, and horses (i.e., chariot-, elephant-, and horse-troops)
स-रथ-नाग-अश्वाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरथ / नाग / अश्व
FormMasculine, nominative, plural
पुत्राःsons
पुत्राः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, nominative, plural
तवyour
तव:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
FormGenitive, singular
जनेश्वरO lord of people (king)
जनेश्वर:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootजन-ईश्वर
FormMasculine, vocative, singular
परिवव्रुःsurrounded, encompassed
परिवव्रुः:
TypeVerb
Rootपरि√वृ (वृणोति/वृणुते)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd person, plural, parasmaipada
रणेin battle
रणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरण
FormNeuter, locative, singular
भीष्मम्Bhishma
भीष्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, accusative, singular
जुगुपुःprotected, guarded
जुगुपुः:
TypeVerb
Root√गुप् (गोपायति/गुप्यति)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd person, plural, parasmaipada
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
FormAvyaya
समन्ततःon all sides, all around
समन्ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसमन्ततः
FormAvyaya (adverb)
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Characters & Entities
S
SañjayaD
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by address janeśvara)K
Kaurava princes (tava putrāḥ)B
BhīṣmaC
chariots (ratha)E
elephants (nāga)H
horses (aśva)B
battlefield (raṇa)Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Geographic Context
Sandhi Notes