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Shloka 30

Adhyāya 90: Babhruvāhana’s Reception and the Commencement of Yudhiṣṭhira’s Aśvamedha

उष्णार्तश्न क्षुधार्तश्न विप्रस्तपसि संस्थित:

Nakula uvāca: uṣṇārtaś ca kṣudhārtaś ca vipras tapasi saṁsthitaḥ, kṣapayāmāsa taṁ kālaṁ kṛcchra-prāṇo dvijottamaḥ.

Nakula nói: “Vị Bà-la-môn ưu tú, an trú trong khổ hạnh, bị hành hạ bởi cả nóng bức lẫn đói khát. Chỉ với muôn phần khó nhọc mới giữ được mạng sống, ông vẫn chịu đựng và để cho quãng thời gian ấy mòn đi—kiên định trong lời nguyện giữa cảnh thiếu thốn, gánh chịu khổ đau mà không rời bỏ kỷ luật tu trì.”

उष्णार्तःafflicted by heat
उष्णार्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootउष्ण-आर्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
क्षुधार्तःafflicted by hunger
क्षुधार्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootक्षुधा-आर्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
विप्रःbrahmin
विप्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविप्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तपसिin austerity / in penance
तपसि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootतपस्
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
संस्थितःstanding/remaining; engaged (in)
संस्थितः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-स्था
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
क्षपयामासpassed (time); caused to elapse
क्षपयामास:
TypeVerb
Rootक्षप् (caus.)
FormPerfect (periphrastic), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
तम्that
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
कालम्time/period
कालम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकाल
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
कृच्छ्रप्राणःbarely alive; sustaining life with difficulty
कृच्छ्रप्राणः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकृच्छ्र-प्राण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
द्विजोत्तमःbest of the twice-born (brahmin)
द्विजोत्तमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज-उत्तम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

नकुल उवाच

N
Nakula
V
vipra (a Brahmin ascetic)
D
dvijottama (the excellent Brahmin)

Educational Q&A

Steadfastness in dharma and tapas is shown through endurance: even under severe heat and hunger, the ascetic does not abandon discipline, illustrating ethical resilience and commitment to a chosen vow.

Nakula describes a Brahmin engaged in austerities who suffers intense heat and hunger yet continues his penance, barely sustaining life while passing the time through hardship without giving up.