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Shloka 14

Adhyāya 90: Babhruvāhana’s Reception and the Commencement of Yudhiṣṭhira’s Aśvamedha

पालनेन विशस्तुष्टा: कामैस्तुष्टा वरस्त्रिय: | अनुक्रोशैस्तथा शूद्रा दानशेषै: पृथग्जना:

vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca | pālanena viśiṣṭāḥ tuṣṭāḥ kāmais tuṣṭā varastriyaḥ | anukrośais tathā śūdrā dānaśeṣaiḥ pṛthagjanāḥ |

Vaiśaṃpāyana nói: “Nhờ sự che chở và phép trị quốc ngay chính, những bậc đáng kính được thỏa lòng; nhờ đáp ứng các ước nguyện, các phu nhân cao quý được thỏa lòng; nhờ lòng từ mẫn, người Śūdra được thỏa lòng; và nhờ phần còn lại của các lễ vật—những gì còn sau khi bố thí—dân chúng thường được thỏa lòng.”

पालनेनby protection/guarding
पालनेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपालन
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
विशःthe Vaiśyas (people of the third varṇa)
विशः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविश्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
तुष्टाःsatisfied/pleased
तुष्टाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootतुष्ट
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
कामैःby desires/pleasures (i.e., enjoyments)
कामैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकाम
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
तुष्टाःsatisfied
तुष्टाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootतुष्ट
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
वरस्त्रियःexcellent women
वरस्त्रियः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवर-स्त्री
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
अनुक्रोशैःby compassion
अनुक्रोशैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअनुक्रोश
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
तथाand likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
शूद्राःŚūdras
शूद्राः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशूद्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
दानशेषैःby the remnants/leftovers of gifts (things left after giving)
दानशेषैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदान-शेष
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
पृथक्separately/individually
पृथक्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपृथक्
जनाःpeople
जनाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

वैशग्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśaṃpāyana
V
varastriyaḥ (noble women)
Ś
śūdrāḥ (Śūdras)
P
pṛthagjanāḥ (common people)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches a model of righteous governance: a ruler sustains social harmony by protecting people, ensuring legitimate needs are met, practicing compassion toward the vulnerable, and extending generosity so that even the ordinary populace benefits.

Vaiśaṃpāyana is describing how different sections of society are being pleased and supported through appropriate means—protection, provision, compassion, and charitable distribution—framing the scene as an example of orderly, dharmic administration.